游泳运动员心肌电复极参数特征的实验研究  

Experimental Research on Characteristics of Myocardial Repolarization in Swimming Athletes

作　　者：邹晓峰[1] 陈琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学体育学院,吉林长春130012

出　　处：《沈阳体育学院学报》2015年第3期79-82,88,共5页Journal of Shenyang Sport University

摘　　要：目的:观察长期运动训练对游泳运动员安静时、运动中及运动后恢复期心肌电复极特征的影响。方法:根据左心室质量指数(LVMI)筛选24名左心室肥厚运动员(LVH组),另外选取20名未经训练的健康志愿者作为对照组(C组)。所有受试者进行一次递增负荷运动试验。于安静时行超声心动检查和心电图(ECG)检查,运动后即刻以及运动后恢复期再次测定ECG。对比两组心脏形态学指标(LAD、IVS、LVPWT、LVEDD、LVESD、LVMI)、心功能(EF)以及心肌复极参数(QT间期、QTc、QTd、Tpe-Ave、Tpe-Max、Tpe/QT比值)的差异。结果:1)超声心动检查:与C组比较,LVH组IVS、LVPWT、LVEDD、LVESD、LVMI和EF均显著升高(P<0.05)。2)ECG检查:安静时LVH组QT间期、QTc均高于C组(P<0.05),其他参数在两组间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。运动至力竭时,与安静时比较,两组QT和Tpe均下降(P<0.05),其他参数则无显著性变化(P>0.05);组间比较,两组QTd呈显著性差异(P<0.05)。运动后恢复期,除QT间期外所有参数与安静时比较以及组间比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论:长期运动训练对游泳运动员心脏形态学指标、心功能及安静时、运动中、恢复期的心肌电复极特征参数带来良好的适应性变化。Objective：To analyze the characteristics of myocardial repolarization at rest, during exercise and recovery period in swimming athletes. Methods：Forty-four swimming athletes were divided into left ventricular hypertrophy （LVH） group （n = 24 ） and non LVH group （n = 20） according to left ventricular mass index （LVMI）, while healthy, untrained volun- teers as control （C） group （n = 20）. All subjects performed a bout of graded exercise test. Echocardiogram at rest and e- lectrocardiogram （ECG） at rest, at peak exercise and during recovery were made to compare heart morphological indexes （ LAD, IVS. LVPWT, LVEDD, LVESD, LVMI ）, heart function （EF） and myocardial repolarization parameters （ QT interval ,QTc ,QTd ,Tpe-Ave ,Tpe-Max and Tpe/QT ratio） between two groups. Results：1 ） Echocardiogram：compared with C group, IVS, LVPWT, LVEDD, LVESD, LVMI and EF in LVH group were increased （ P 〈 0.05 ） ;2 ） ECG： at rest, QT in- terval and QTc were higher than that of C group （ P 〈 0.05 ）, other markers had no statistically significant difference among the groups （ P 〉 0.05 ）. During exercise, compared with rest, QT and Tpe in three groups were all raised （ P 〈 0.05 ） but other indexes had no change （ P 〉 0.05 ） ; QTd was significant difference among the groups （ P 〉 0.05 ）. During recovery, all indexes had no significant difference compared with rest or among the groups （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusion ： Long-term exercise training on cardiac morphology index swimmers, heart function and resting, movement, cardiac electrical repolarization pa- rameters of recovery brought good adaptations.

关 键 词：游泳运动员 电复极 超声心动 心电图 

分 类 号：G804.63[文化科学—运动人体科学]