剪切闸板胶心密封特性研究  

Research on the Sealing Performance of Shear Ram Rubber

作　　者：叶玉麟 韩传军[1] 谢冲[1] 王延民[2] 梁红军[2] 董仁[2] 宋海涛[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院 [2]塔里木油田公司

出　　处：《石油机械》2015年第6期55-60,共6页China Petroleum Machinery

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"大型油气田及煤层气开发"之子课题"塔里木盆地库车前陆冲断带油气开发示范工程"(2011ZX05046)

摘　　要：剪切闸板是闸板防喷器的核心部件,其剪切后的密封可靠性对井控安全至关重要。以ISR型内锁紧剪切闸板和SBR型全封闭剪切闸板为研究对象,通过有限元方法对其进行密封性能分析,并对ISR型剪切闸板进行结构改进与优化。研究结果表明,在实际工况下,SBR型密封属于静密封,密封结构更好;而ISR型密封在密封过程中,其橡胶密封面受剪切作用,钻屑容易划伤橡胶面,导致密封失效。在无井压工况下,ISR型剪切闸板关井时井口压力低于橡胶接触应力,可实现有效密封;在有井压工况下,橡胶与闸板之间的接触应力增大,密封能力进一步提高,起到助封作用。随着橡胶压缩量增大,SBR型剪切闸板与橡胶之间接触应力呈线性增大。对ISR型剪切闸板进行结构改进与优化,即采用浮动式密封结构,这样不仅可以减轻密封橡胶的挤压剪切损伤,还能增强密封能力。当下闸板刃口倒角为15°时,下闸板移动过程中橡胶最大剪应力减小,橡胶更安全。Shear ram is the core component of ram preventer, and its shear seal reliability is critical to the safety of well control. Studies have been conducted on the sealing performance of ISR type inner lock shear ram and SBR type blind shear ram by using finite element method. Then, the ISR type shear ram structure has been opti- mized. The research results show that, under the actual working condition, SBR type shear ram is static seal with a better seal structure. While the ISR type shear ram, whose rubber seal surface is under shearing force during seal- ing, is prone to seal failure due to scratched rubber surface by drilling cuttings. When the inner well pressure is ze- ro, the wellhead pressure is lower than the rubber contact stress, so that the ISR type shear ram could effectively seal the well. The inner well pressure provides an enhanced contact stress between rubber and ram, which could further improve the sealing ability. The contact stress between the SBR type shear ram and rubber increases linearly with the increase of rubber compression. The ISR type shear ram structure has been optimized by using the floating sealing structure to reduce extrusion and shear damage of the sealing rubber and enhance sealing ability. The rubber will be safer with a decreased maximum shear stress during the moving of lower shear ram with a blade bevel edge of 15°.

关 键 词：剪切闸板 胶心 接触应力 密封性能 有限元 ABAQUS 

分 类 号：TE925[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]