不同生长期烤烟各器官C、N、P生态化学计量学特征  

C, N, P stoichiometry traits of different flue-cured tobacco organs at different growth stages

作　　者：杨梅[1] 王昌全[1] 袁大刚[1] 李启权[1] 曾建[1] 罗茜[1] 兰兴梅 唐杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学资源环境学院,成都611130

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2015年第6期686-693,共8页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：四川省重点项目(201202004;201202005)资助

摘　　要：研究植物碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)化学计量特征,有助于理解C、N、P元素分配规律,理解内稳性特征和生长速率的关系。本研究在四川省凉山州冕宁县大田栽培条件下,研究了3种烤烟(‘云烟87’、‘川烟1号’和‘KRK26’)各器官(叶、茎、根)C、N、P含量及化学计量比的季节变化。结果表明:1)生物量在烤烟伸根期到成熟期逐渐增大(P<0.05),在成熟期达到最大值;烤烟在生长期比生长速率均呈现波浪式变化,为降低-升高-降低的趋势,最大值出现在旺长期,生长速率理论认为高的生长率对应较低的C︰N、C︰P、N︰P,而旺长期烤烟C︰N、C︰P、N︰P显著升高,不符合生长速率理论。2)不同生长期烤烟C含量整体呈先升高后降低趋势,旺长期达到最大值,而N、P含量随生长期呈逐渐降低趋势;叶和根的C︰N和C︰P呈逐渐增大趋势,茎的C︰N与叶、根的C︰N变化趋势相同,而C︰P表现为先增加后降低的趋势;不同生育期烤烟C含量和N︰P变异较小,均小于20%,整体表现出较强的内稳性,而N、P含量及C︰N、C︰P的变异系数均较大。3)烤烟叶N与叶P含量呈正相关关系,反映了植物叶中N、P变化的相对一致性,而与茎中N的相关性是由植株冠层结构所致。Ecological stoichiometry studies energy balance of multiple chemical elements in the process of ecological interaction, and C, N, P stoichiometry is the core element of various ecological processes. Ecological stoichiometry has two important theories—the theories of homeostasis and growth-rate hypothesis （GRH）. Ecological stoichiometry has been incorporated successfully into many levels of biology, ranging from molecular, cellular, organismal and population levels to ecosystem and global levels. At present, the principles of ecological stoichiometry are broadly applied in population dynamics, trophie dynamics, microbial nutrition, host-pathogen interactions, symbiosis, comparative ecosystem analysis and consumer-driven nutrient cycle. The research on plant C, N, P stoichiometry traits has immensely contributed to the understanding of the allocation of C, N and P contents in different plant organs and the determination of correlations between the theories of GRH and homeostasis. Flue-cured tobacco （Nicotiana tabacum L.） is one of the most important economic crops in China. The main planting areas of flue-cured tobacco cover seven provinces, including Sichuan Province, Yunnan Province and Guizhou Province. The study of stoichiometric characteristics of different flue-cured tobacco organs （leaf, stem and root） is highly significance in understanding the mechanisms of growth and nutrient utilization of flue-cured tobacco. In a field experiment in Liangshan Prefecture of Sichuan Province, three tobacco varieties （‘Yunyan 87’,‘Chuanyan 1’ and‘KRK26’） were used to determine C, N and P contents and stoichiometry traits of different organs of tobacco varieties at different growth stages. It was found that： 1） above-ground biomass increased gradually and reached maximum at maturity stage. The specific growth rate of tobacco decreased initially and then increased and again decreased gradually, reaching maximum value at vigorous growth stage. Also the C︰N, C︰P and N︰P ratios increased

关 键 词：生态化学计量学 烤烟 生长期 器官 生长速率假说 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]