艾蒿和苦楝提取物对油茶尺蠖的生物活性研究  

Bioactivity of extracts from Artemisia argyi and Melia azedarach against Biston marginata

作　　者：左杰[1] 周国英[1] 杨菁[1] 田媛媛[1] 刘慧娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与利用湖南省2011协同创新中心,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第8期51-55,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划项目(2012BAD19B0803)

摘　　要：采用浸渍叶蝶法和浸虫法测定了艾蒿(Artemisia argyi)和苦楝(Melia azedarach)的乙醇、石油醚和乙酸乙酯提取物对油茶尺蠖(Biston marginata)3龄幼虫的生物活性。结果表明,艾蒿和苦楝各溶剂提取物对油茶尺蠖3龄幼虫均有一定的生物活性。在提取物浓度为120 g/L时,艾蒿乙醇提取物的拒食率和校正死亡率分别为84.01%和85.00%;苦楝乙醇提取物的拒食作用最好,拒食率为81.77%,其乙酸乙酯提取物的触杀作用较强,校正死亡率为80.00%。提取物的质量浓度对油茶尺蠖的触杀作用有显著影响。毒力回归分析表明,艾蒿乙醇提取物和苦楝乙酸乙酯提取物的毒力较强,处理48 h后的LC50分别为34.595 g/L和42.020 g/L。Bioactivity of the ethanol, petroleum ether and acetidin extracts from Artemisia argyi and Melia azedarach against the 3th instar larvae of Biston marginata were tested by dipping leaves and dipping insect method in laboratory. The results showed that the extracts of three solvents from A. argyi and M. azedarach had some bioactivities against the 3th instar larvae. When the concentration of extracts was 120 g/L, the antifeedant activity and the corrected mortality of the ethanol extracts from A. argyi were 84.01%, and 85.00%, respectively, the antifeedant activity of the ethanol extracts from M. azedarach was higher with an antifeedant rate of 81.77%, the insecticidal activity of the acetidin extracts from M. azedarach was the highest with a corrected mortality of 80.00%. Further toxicity analysis showed that the insecticidal activities of ethanol extracts from A. argyi and acetidin extracts from M. azedarach were stronger, with LCso value of 34.595 g/L and 42.020 g/L after 48 hours.

关 键 词：苦楝 艾蒿 植物提取物 油茶尺蠖 选择性拒食作用 触杀作用 生物活性 

分 类 号：S433.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]