6种烟田安全除草剂联合防治杂草效果及评价  

Efficiency and evaluation of six kinds of tobacco herbicides combined to control weeds

作　　者：张国宾[1] 陈永明 冯秀杰[1] 周星洋 邓松清[1] 万树青[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农学院/农药与化学生物学教育部重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]广东省烟草南雄科学研究所,广东南雄512400

出　　处：《广东农业科学》2015年第8期56-60,共5页Guangdong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：广东省烟草专卖局科技项目(201302)

摘　　要：针对目前国内在烟草上登记的除草剂种类少、易产生药害的现状,选用烟田推荐使用的3种芽前除草剂(异丙甲草胺、敌草胺、仲丁灵)和3种苗后除草剂(灭草松、砜嘧磺隆、精喹禾灵)分别复配进行盆栽药效试验。结果显示:在施药剂量为异丙甲草胺404.80 g/hm2×仲丁灵899.55 m L/hm2时,对双子叶杂草的株防效和鲜重防效联合作用为增效,防效分别是93.1%和87.1%,此时为异丙甲草胺和仲丁灵复配防治双子叶杂草的最佳配比;敌草胺281.11 g/hm2×仲丁灵899.55 m L/hm2为两种除草剂防治杂草的最佳配比,此剂量下对单子叶杂草株防效和鲜重防效分别是89.9%和91.0%,对双子叶杂草的联合作用为增效,防效分别是87.7%和85.3%。苗后除草剂复配无增效作用,但在施药剂量为灭草松179.91 g/hm2×精喹禾灵56.22 m L/hm2时单子叶杂草株防效和鲜重防效分别是88.8%和92.6%,施药剂量为359.82 g/hm2×28.11 m L/hm2时对双子叶杂草的株防效和鲜重防效分别是94.2%和93.6%;在砜嘧磺隆9.37 g/hm2×精喹禾灵28.11 m L/hm2时,单子叶杂草的株防效和鲜重防效分别是93.6%和95.0%,防治效果良好。Aiming at the present situation of few registered herbicides and the fact of phytotoxicity on tobacco in China, the efficiency of three kinds of pre-emergence herbicides （Metolachlor, Napropamide, Butralin） and three kinds of post-emergence herbicides （Bentazone, Rimsulfuron, Quizalofop-p-ethyl） combined were tested respectively. The results showed that, with the best dosage of Metolachlor 404.80 g/hm^2 × Butralin 899.55 mL/hm^2, the control effects of plant and fresh weight to dicotyledonous weeds were synergistic, and the efficiencies were 93.1% and 87.1%, respectively; with the best dosage of Napropamide 281.11 g/hm^2 × Butralin 899.55 mL/hm^2, the control effects of plant and fresh weight to endogen weeds were 89.9% and 91.0%, the control effects of plant and fresh weight to dicotyledonous weeds were synergistic, and the efficiencies were 87.7% and 85.3% respectively. The post-emergence herbicides had no synergistic effect, the control effects of plant and fresh weight to endogen weeds were 88.8% and 92.6% with the dosage of Bentazone 179.91 g/hm^2 × Quizalofop-p-ethyl 56.22 mL/hm^2, the control effects of plant and fresh weight to dicotyledonous weeds were 94.2% and 93.6% with the dosage of Bentazone 359.82 g/hm^2 × Quizalofop-p-ethyl 28.11 mL/hm^2; while the control effects of plant and fresh weight to endogen weeds were 93.6% and 95.0% with the dosage of Rimsulfuron 9.37 g/hm^2 × Quizalofop-p-ethyl 28.11 mL/hm^2.

关 键 词：除草剂 联合 效果 评价 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]