施氮对小麦蚕豆间作根际土壤脲酶活性的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Application on Urease Activity in Rhizosphere Soil of Wheat and Faba Bean Intercropping System

作　　者：孙建平[1] 汤利[1] 续勇波[2] 郑毅[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学资源与环境学院,云南昆明650201 [2]云南农业大学烟草学院,云南昆明650201 [3]西南林业大学,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《云南农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第3期464-470,共7页Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University:Natural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260504;31101605;31260503);国家"973"计划资助项目(2011CB100405);云南省自然科学基金项目(2010ZC083)

摘　　要：脲酶活性影响施入土壤中尿素的转化和植物吸收利用。通过田间试验研究了施氮对小麦蚕豆间作根际土壤脲酶活性的影响,其中,小麦施氮量为0(N0)、112.5(N1)、225.0(N2)、337.5(N3)kg/hm2,蚕豆施氮量为小麦的1/2。结果表明:施氮提高了间作作物的产量,N0,N1,N2,N3施氮水平的LER分别为1.15,1.10,1.05,1.02,具有间作优势。与单作相比,4个供氮水平分蘖期间作小麦根际土壤脲酶活性平均增加4.66%,增加量依次为N0>N2>N1>N3,间作蚕豆根际土壤脲酶的活性平均增加6.60%,增加量依次为N2>N1>N0>N3;拔节期间作小麦根际脲酶的活性平均增加14.08%,增加量依次为N2>N1>N3>N0,间作蚕豆根际土壤脲酶的活性平均增加8.24%,增加量依次为N0>N2>N1>N3;成熟期间作小麦根际脲酶的活性平均增加7.03%,增加量依次为N2>N3>N1>N0,间作蚕豆际脲酶的活性平均增加5.25%,增加量依次为N0>N1>N2>N3。可见,施氮影响间作小麦、蚕豆根际土壤的脲酶活性,且施氮量对小麦蚕豆间作根际土壤脲酶活性的影响规律不同。Urease activity influences the transformation of urea and nutrients utilization of crops in soil. Field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen application rates on urease activity of rhizospheric soil in wheat//faba bean system, nitrogen application rates of wheat were 0 （ No ）, 112. 5 （ Nl ）, 225.0 （ N2 ）, 337.5 （ N3 ） kg/hm2 ; The nitrogen application rate of faba bean was the half of the wheat. The results showed that nitrogen application could improve the yield of wheat//faba bean and the LER of No, N1 , N2 and N3 were 1.15, 1.10, 1.05 and 1.02, respectively. The wheat//faba bean intercropping system had advantage of yield. Nitrogen application influenced the urease activity in the rhizospherie soil of wheat and faba bean. Compared with monocropping, in the tillering stages, the urease activity in rhizospheric soil of wheat in intercropping system increased by 4.66% and the order of increasing amount was No 〉 N2 〉 N1 〉 N3, while the urease activity in rhizos- pheric soil of faba bean in intercropping increased by 6.60% and the order of increasing amount was N2 〉 N1 〉 No 〉 N3. In the jointing stages, the urease activity in the rhizospheric soil of wheat in inter- cropping increased byl4. 08% and the order of increasing amount was N2 〉 N1 〉 N3 〉 No, while the u- rease activity in rhizospheric soil of faba bean in intercropping increased by 8.24% and the order of in- creasing amount was N0 〉 N2 〉 N1 〉 N3. In the maturing stages, the rhizospheric soil urease activity of wheat in intercropping increased by 7.03% and the order of increasing amount was N2 〉 N3 〉 N1 〉 NO, while the rhizospheric soil urease activity of faba bean in intercropping are increased by 5.25 % and the order of increasing amount was No 〉 N~ 〉 N2 〉 N3. It is concluded that the level of nitrogen application have a great influence on the urease activity in rhizospheric soil of wheat and faba bean in wheat//faba bean system.

关 键 词：小麦蚕豆间作 施氮水平 根际土壤 脲酶活性 

分 类 号：S158.5[农业科学—土壤学]