公路气候区划的DEM综合插值法  

DEM interpolation method of climatic regionalization for highway

作　　者：鲁娥[1] 张苗苗 陈文强 许金良[1] 

机构地区：[1]长安大学公路学院,陕西西安710064 [2]宁波公路市政设计有限公司,浙江宁波315000 [3]安顺市交通建设工程质量监督站,贵州安顺561000

出　　处：《长安大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第3期27-33,共7页Journal of Chang’an University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：交通运输部西部交通建设科技项目(2011 318 362 810);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(2015G1311081)

摘　　要：温度插值方法的精度对于公路气候区划有重要的影响,以新疆天山地区为例,利用天山及其周边地区共52个气象站点在1971-2000年间的气温数据,采用数理统计方法中的多元线性回归法分析了天山地区累年年平均气温与经度、纬度和海拔的相关关系,在基于DEM（数字高程模型）一般插值方法的基础上,引入残差提出了基于DEM的综合插值法,与反距离权重法、普通Kriging法以及基于DEM的一般插值方法进行了插值效果对比和精度比较,在此基础上对4种插值方法得到的温度分布进行了分区,并对分区结果进行了分析。研究结果表明：插值精度越高,插值得到的气温分布与实际气温分布越接近,温度区划结果就越精确;基于DEM的2种插值方法较反距离权重法、普通Kriging法精度提高了1倍,更适用于地形复杂地区的公路气候区划需求;基于DEM的综合插值法相较于基于DEM的一般插值法在计算精度上提高了10%以上,在公路气侯区划数据有限时具有一定的优越性。The precision of temperature interpolation method has a great influence on climatic regionalization for highway. Based on the case study of Tianshan mountains area, the relationship between temperature and longitude, latitude, altitude was analyzed by using temperature data of 52 meteorological stations in and around Tianshan mountains areas from 1971 to 2000. Besides, a comprehensive interpolation method was proposed by introducing residual based on DEM（digital elevation model）, and its effect and precision were compared with that of inverse distance weighing method, ordinary Kriging method, and general interpolation method based on DEM. Taking all of these for basis, the temperature distributions resulting from the four methods were divided and the results were analyzed. The results show that： the higher interpolation precision is, the gained temperature distribution is closer to the actual temperature distribution; the two interpolation methods based on DEM with its double precision than that of inverse distance weighing method and ordinary Kriging method are more suitable for the regionalization in complex terrains, and in contrast, the comprehensive interpolation method has an over 10 % higher precision than general interpolation method, which shows certain superiority when the data of highway climatic regionalization is limited. 1 tab, 5 figs, 20 refs.

关 键 词：道路工程 公路气候区划 DEM 插值方法 

分 类 号：U419[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]