清南府演戏腔调考述  

A Study on the Intonation of the Dramas Played by Nanfu in the Qing Dynasty

作　　者：戴云[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国艺术研究院戏曲研究所

出　　处：《文化遗产》2015年第3期69-76,共8页Cultural Heritage

摘　　要：南府作为清内廷演剧和演乐的重要机构,从成立到改称,已有140多年的历史。南府成立后,在内廷编演了大量戏曲。至今,部分南府剧本仍完好地保存在故宫博物院等图书馆之中。南府时代,正是民间地方戏勃兴的时代,民间戏曲中的纷繁腔调,也影响到宫廷戏曲。从现存南府剧本所标注的声腔可以看出,南府演剧主要以昆腔和弋腔为主,但是,也有吹腔、四平调、弦索调、梆子腔、秧歌、侉腔、秦腔等杂入其中。以往,研究者以南府《旨意档》为根据,认为记录侉腔最早的文献是在嘉庆七年(1802)。笔者通过广泛阅读清宫剧本后发现,乾隆年间搬演的宫廷大戏《鼎峙春秋》、《忠义璇图》之中,就已经出现了"侉戏"或"侉腔"这样的词语。由此,可将侉腔出现的时间提前到乾隆年间。As an important organization for drama playing in palace during the Qing Dynasty,Nanfu had existed for more than 140 years from being founded to being renamed.Lots of opera were performed there,and some of the Nanfu scripts still remained intact up to now.The Nanfu period was a thriving era of the local folk opera.The variety and complication of the intonation of the local folk opera also affected the palace opera.The Nanfu opera were mainly Kunshan tune and Yiyang tune,while also incorporated Chui tune,Bangz tune,Kua tune and Qin tune.Based on the documentation of Zhiyidang,previous researchers considered that the earliest document recording Kua tune was at the seventh Year of the age of Jiaqing(1802 A.D.).In this paper,the author discovered the use of Kua tune could be traced back to the age of Qianlong when the palace opera Dingzhichunqiu or Zhongyiquantuperformed.Under this circumstance,the appearance of Kua tune should be moved up to the age of Qianlong.

关 键 词：南府 弦索调 梆子腔秧歌侉腔 

分 类 号：I207.37[文学—中国文学]