中国农村的去阶层分化机制  

Destratification Differentiation Mechanism in Rural Areas in China

作　　者：杨华[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学马克思主义学院,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《南通大学学报（社会科学版）》2015年第3期121-128,共8页Journal of Nantong University:Social Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目(12CKS016)

摘　　要：调查表明,占中国95%的广大中西部农村有农民分化现象,却没有形成明显的阶级阶层。这与广大中国农村存在"去阶层分化机制"有关系。这种机制包含着三重基础:一是以血缘地缘关系为关联模式的社会基础,它"中和"了农民分化,分化的农民在社会交往上仍然具有相似性和一致性;二是以"半工半耕"结构为生计模式的经济基础,它使得中国大部分农民处在中等收入水平,经济上分化不大,从而能够"抑制"消费水平、价值观念和社会交往等层面的分化;三是以上层走出村庄为生活面向的价值基础,它使得先富农民搬出村庄后留下了一个以中等水平为竞争参照系的价值再生产机制,从而"消解"了村庄大部分农民在走向成功、获得人生意义的道路上的心理距离,使农民在主观上就不存在分层。这三重基础共同作用,构成了中国农村的去阶层分化机制。Surveys reveal that there exists differentiation among farmers in middle and west China, but there are no evident classes or stratification, which is caused by the destratification differentiation mechanism in rural areas in China. This kind of mechanism includes three levels. The first level is a social base formed by blood and geopolitical relations, which has neutralized the differentiation among farmers to make them identical. The second level is an economic based formed by livelihood of part work and part farm,which has kept most Chinese farmers at middle income level and has re- stricted the differentiation of consumption, concepts of values and social interactions. The third level is a value base formed by the detachment of rich farmers from villages, which has left a reproductive mechanism within frame of reference at middle income level and has eliminated the spiritual distances among farmers.

关 键 词：农村阶层 去阶层分化 血缘地缘关系 半工半耕 价值生产 

分 类 号：D422.7[政治法律—政治学]