留茬覆盖免耕对河西走廊灌区春玉米田土壤容重和硬度的影响  

Effects of No-tillage with Stubble on Soil Bulk Density and Soil Stability in Spring Maize Field of Hexi Corridor Irrigated Area

作　　者：张文颖[1] 张恩和[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖北生态工程职业技术学院,武汉430200 [2]甘肃农业大学农业生态工程研究所,兰州730070

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2015年第7期1582-1586,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2002AA2Z4191)

摘　　要：在20 cm留茬压倒(NPS20)、40 cm留茬压倒(NPS40)、40 cm立秆留茬(NS40)、20 cm立秆留茬(NS20)和传统耕作(CT)5个处理的基础上增加5 400 m3/hm2灌溉量(I1)、3 600 m3/hm2灌溉量(I2)两种灌溉量,共设计了10个处理,研究了小麦不同留茬高度、不同留茬方式以及不同灌水量对春玉米田土壤容重和土壤硬度的影响。结果表明,留茬覆盖免耕处理有助于休闲期土壤表层疏松,留茬覆盖免耕处理0-5 cm层的平均土壤容重较CT降低2.04%;苗区适当的留茬覆盖量能减小土壤容重,增加土壤稳定性;增大灌水量提高了土壤容重,降低了土壤的通透性能;土壤耕作可以显著减小耕层土壤的抗楔入性,而免耕则使耕层土壤的抗楔入性增大。Field experiments were carried out to study the effects of different stubble staying treatments and different irrigation mass in no-tillage with stubble on soil bulk density （BD） and soil stability in Hexi corridor. The results showed that no-tillage with stubble reduced surface soil bulk density in fallow stage. Average BD in 0-5 cm soil layer of different treatments of no-tillage with stubble was 2.04% lower than that in conventional tillage. Temperate quantity of mulched straw decreased BD and increased soil stability. With the increase of irrigation amounts, BD of all treatments increased and permeability reduced. Tillage could significantly reduce topsoil wedging resistance. No-tillage increased the wedging resistance of topsoil.

关 键 词：河西走廊 灌区 留茬覆盖免耕 土壤容重 土壤硬度 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S152