喜马拉雅山亚东段蚂蚁群落研究  

Ant communities in Yadong section of Mt. Himalaya

作　　者：莫福燕 徐正会[1] 宋扬[1] 李春良[1] 和秋菊[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院云南省森林灾害预警与控制重点实验室,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2015年第3期85-90,共6页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260521)

摘　　要：为了揭示喜马拉雅山蚂蚁多样性规律，采用样地调查法研究了喜马拉雅山亚东段蚂蚁群落。在北坡、山间谷地和南坡采集蚂蚁标本12354头，隶属于2亚科8属12种。北坡和山间谷地蚂蚁群落的优势种均为光亮黑蚁（ Formica candida Smith），而南坡的优势种为史密西红蚁（ Myrmica smythiesii Forel）。亚东段不同海拔样地蚂蚁群落多样性指数中Fisher α指数为0-0．95，Shannon.Wiener指数为0-0．98，显示该地段物种多样性非常低。利用EstimateS 9．1．0程序对该地区蚂蚁物种丰富度进行估计并绘制物种累积曲线，结果表明蚂蚁物种实际观察值接近该地区蚂蚁丰富度估计值。南北坡蚂蚁物种丰富度随海拔升高先增加后降低，丰富度垂直分布格局符合“中域效应”假说。相似性系数分析表明，该地段蚂蚁群落组成和分布受植被类型和海拔影响。In order to reveal ant diversity law of Mt. Himalaya, ant communities in Yadong section were investigated u.sing sample.plot method. Total 12 354 individuals collected from north slope, mountain valley and south slope belong to 2 subfamilies 8 genera and 12 species of Formicidae. Formica candida Smith was dominant species in ant communities in north slope and mountain valley, but Myrmica smythiesii Forel was dominant species in south slope. In the ant communi.ties from different altitude sample.plots of Yadong section, the Fisherαindexes range from 0 to 0.95, and the Shannon.Wiener indexes range from 0 to 0.98, it showed extremely low species diversity. Ant species richness was estimated with the help of EstimateS 9.1.0 software and species accumulation curves were drawn, it showed that observed and estimated numbers of species were very similar. Ant species richness first increased then decreased as altitude increased both on north and south slopes, it means ant species richness patterns along elevational gradient conform to the mid.domain effect hypothesis. According to similarity coefficients, ant community composition and distribution of Yadong section were influ.enced by vegetation types and altitude.

关 键 词：蚁科 蚂蚁群落 物种多样性 喜马拉雅山 

分 类 号：S76[农业科学—森林保护学] Q959.1[农业科学—林学]