同核异质温敏核不育系主要农艺性状与细胞质效应研究  

Effect of Cytoplasm on Main Agronomic Traits of Mononuclear-heteroplasmic TGMS Lines

作　　者：康公平[1,2] 戴小军[1] 欧立军[1] 李文嘉[1] 梁满中[1] 陈良碧[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,长沙410081 [2]铜仁学院生物与农林工程学院,贵州铜仁554300

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2015年第8期1808-1813,共6页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)项目(2010AA101305);湖南省科技重大专项(2009FJ1004-1);贵州省教育厅重点项目(2013184);贵州省科学技术基金项目(黔科合J字20142159)

摘　　要：以起源于美国北部、美国南部、日本和菲律宾的普通野生稻,栽培稻作为细胞质供体。以株1S、准S为细胞核供体,经连续回交12次,构建两套1种核9种细胞质的同核异质温敏核不育系,在相同栽培条件下比较对照不育系与新质源不育性的主要农艺性状。结果表明,同核异质不育系及同核异质组合的生物学性状主要受核基因控制,但细胞质效应和质核互作效应对部分性状也有显著影响。细胞质对不育系的主要农艺性状都有不同程度影响:日本晴细胞质能显著增加不育系的剑叶面积、宽度;Lemont细胞质能降低不育系的穗长和颖花数,缩短不育系的生育期,V20A细胞质能降低不育系的地上部分干重。Common wild rice, cuhivated rices that originate from the Northen America, the Southern America, Japan, Philippines were used as the cytoplasmic donors. Zhu-lS and Zhun S were used as the nuclear donors. The cytoplasmic donors were used as female parents in crosses with the nuclear donors, as males. The mononuclear-heteroplasmic sterile lines were prepared via 12 backcrosses using the original male as recurrent parent. The agronomic traits of the mononuclear-heteroplasmic sterile lines were compared under the same cultivation condition. The results indicated that the agronomic traits of mononuclear-heteroplasmic TGMS lines were controlled by nucleu, but the effects of cytoplasm and the interaction of cytoplasm and nucleu on some traits were significant also. The effect of Nipponbare cytoplasm on area and width of the flag of TGMS lines was positive, whereas the effect of Chaling wild rice cytoplasm on area and width of the flag was negative. The effect of Lemont cytoplasm on sowing-heading duration, panicle length, spikelet No./panicle of TGMS lines was negative. The effect of V20A cytoplasm on dry weights of above-ground of TGMS lines was negative.

关 键 词：水稻(Oryza SATIVA L.) 细胞质 细胞核 细胞质效应 质核互作效应 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]