基于ANSYS Workbench的箱型伸缩吊臂动态特性研究  

Dynamic Characteristics Study of Telescopic Boom Box Based on ANSYS Workbench

作　　者：缪强[1] 张仲鹏[1] 李辛[1] 梁峻 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]Volvo汽车成都制造工厂,四川成都610199

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2015年第6期38-41,共4页Machinery Design & Manufacture

基　　金：国家自然科学基金-大型起重机结构轻量化仿生箱梁的力学耦合机理研究(51175442)

摘　　要：大型化、高速化逐渐成为起重机的一个发展趋势,这些都会加剧整机的动态响应。为研究铁路起重机箱型伸缩吊臂在吊重被突然提升离地与吊重悬空静止开始起升两种工况真实动态特性,引入了钢丝绳阻尼系数,建立了运动微分方程,推导出相应工况整个过程的动态载荷的理论公式。公式表明载荷为绕固定值上下振动、振幅不断衰减的周期函数。据此在ANSYS Workbench中建立了铁路起重机箱型伸缩吊臂有限元模型,采用模态叠加瞬态动力学分析法详细研究了不同载荷频率与吊臂固有频率比值对吊臂最大应力的影响,得出频率比与最大应力关系曲线。结果表明,即使动载荷振幅衰减速度较快,在共振区吊臂最大应力同样会超过材料的屈服极限。The developing tendency of large-scale and high-speed of cranc intensifies the dynamic response of gantry crane inhoisting pracess. In order to study the two working conditions of telescopic jib railway crane, load hoisting suddenly from the ground and hoisting from hung motionless, real dynamic property, the theoretical formula of the dynamic load was derived by damping coefficient was introduced into the momentum equilibrium equations. It is shown that the formula can indicate the load is aperiodic function, which vibrating up and down near a fixed value with the amplitude decaying. Modal superposition transient dynamic analysis method used in the ANSYS Workbench accordingly. On the basis of effect analysis maximum stress of the structure in consequence of the ratio of various load frequcncy to the natural frequency of the jib, the relation curve of the ratio and the maximum stress is fitted. It turned out that even if the dynamic load amplitude decaying rapidly, the jib maximum stress also will exceed the yield limit within the range of resonance.

关 键 词：伸缩吊臂 阻尼系数 理论公式 动态载荷 频率比 瞬态动力分析 共振 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]