可吸收缝线材料的可降解与临床应用  

Degradation and clinical application of absorbable suture materials

作　　者：王莲莲[1] 李景溪[1] 施展[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国医科大学附属第四医院,辽宁省沈阳市110032

出　　处：《中国组织工程研究》2015年第16期2619-2623,共5页Chinese Journal of Tissue Engineering Research

摘　　要：背景:由于可吸收缝合线具有良好的生物相容性及机械强度,在临床被广泛应用。目的:探讨不同可吸收性缝线的体外降解性能,分析可吸收缝合线临床应用中的优势及其体外降解行为的影响因素。方法:通过检索近年来文章内容与可吸收缝线材料降解性能和应用相关的文献,从可吸收缝线材料的性能及降解行为影响因素、可吸收与不可吸收缝合线临床应用比较等对可吸收缝线材料相关研究成果作回顾性分析,为临床提供理论依据。结果与结论:可吸收缝合线体可被机体完全降解吸收,无不良反应,创口愈合后不留瘢痕,克服了不可吸收缝合线不能在体内分解的缺点,其降解产物的体内吸收主要有2个途径:一为体内巨细胞与吞噬细胞吞噬,另一途径为降解产物进入人的体液与血液,如乳酸通过体循环被吸收排泄。人体内有一个极其复杂的生理环境,存在着影响材料性能的各种因素。加之材料的种类不同,它们在体内的降解行为也不尽相同,因此需要在一定范围内设计合成和加工出具有特殊性能的可降解高分子材料满足临床需要。BACKGROUND： Absorbable suture with good biocompatibility and mechanical strength has been extensively used in the clinic. OBJECTIVE： To explore in vitro degradation of different absorbable sutures, to analyze the clinical superiority of absorbable sutures and the influential factors for its in vitro degradation. METHODS： After retrieval of related literatures concerning degradation and application of absorbable suture material, we retrospectively analyzed relevant articles addressing influential factors for performance and degradation of absorbable suture materials, and comparison of clinical absorbable and nonabsorbable sutures, thereby providing theoretical evidence for clinical application. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Absorbable sutures can be completely degraded and absorbed by the body, with no adverse reaction and no scars after wound healing. Absorbable sutures overcome the shortcomings of nonabsorbable sutures that cannot break down in the body. The absorption of its degradation products in vivo has two pathways： one is the phagocytosis of giant calls and phagocytes in the body, and the other is that the degradation products enter the body fluids and blood. For example, lactic acid is absorbed and excreted via the systemic circulation. There is a very complicated physiological environment in the human body, and various factors can affect material properties. In addition, the different kinds of materials have different degradation manners in vivo. Therefore, it is necessary to design, synthesize and process biodegradable polymer materialswith special properties within a certain range to meet the clinical needs.

关 键 词：缝线 生物降解 环境 综述 生物材料 材料相容性 可吸收缝合线 聚乳酸 聚乙交酯 降解 性能 

分 类 号：R318[医药卫生—生物医学工程]