模拟100m氦氮氧常规潜水水下阶段减压方案的计算与动物实验验证  

Calculation of underwater decompression schedule for the simulated 100 m Trimix conventional diving and verification of the schedule with animal experiment

作　　者：李洋洋[1] 石路[1,2] 张延猛[1] 肖婵娟[1] 刘洪涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学海洋水下工程科学研究院,上海200231 [2]上海交通大学-千叶大学国际合作研究中心,上海200240

出　　处：《中国应用生理学杂志》2015年第3期197-200,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Physiology

基　　金：中华人民共和国科学技术部专项基金(2012EG124043)

摘　　要：目的:制定100 m氦氮氧(Trimix)常规潜水水下阶段减压方案并通过模拟家兔100 m Trimix常规潜水对方案的安全性和可行性进行验证。方法:根据何尔登理论(Haldane theory),确定适合100 m Trimix常规潜水水下阶段减压方案计算的假定时间单位、理论组织分类、氮过饱和安全系数及其选取方法,建立潜水减压方案的计算方法。本实验减压方案计算中共取五类理论组织:5 min、10 min、20 min、40 min和75 min,氮过饱和安全系数则以1.6计算;8只家兔作为对照组,8只潜水组家兔按实验设计和计算所得减压方案实施模拟100 m Trimix常规潜水,通过比较和观察潜水组家兔肺、脑组织湿干比的变化以及行为学表现来评价减压方案的安全可行性。结果:按计算得到的减压方案减压出舱后的家兔均未出现行为学异常;潜水后家兔肺、脑组织湿干比均较对照组无显著变化(均P>0.05)。结论:按haldane理论计算得到的减压方案安全可行,潜水呼吸气的配比浓度使潜水家兔不致发生氧中毒和氮麻醉,减压时在肺型氧中毒剂量单位(UPTD)安全范围内使用富氧气体大大提高了潜水效率。Objective： To explore the underwater decompression schedule for 100 m Trimix conventional diving operations and evaluate its safety through a sim^ated rabbits Trimix conventional diving. Methods： According to the Haldane theory, the assumed time units, the classifi- cation of tissue compartments, the nitrogen super-saturation safety coefficient and the selection of methods used for the calculation of the simulat- ed 100 m Tfimix conventional diving schedule were properly selected, and the calculating method for the dive decompression schedule was thus firmly established. In our experiments, five tissue compartments were selected during the calculation of decompression schedule ： 5 rain, 10 min, 20 min, 40 rain and 75 rain, and the nitrogen super-saturation safety coefficient was calculated by 1.6. Eight New Zealand rabbits were performed a simulated 100 m Trimix dive program which was established according to the Haldane theory, and eight rabbits for intact group. The tissues wet/dry ratio and ethology were detected and observed before and after the simulated diving to evaluate the safety of decompression schedule. Results： By using the developed underwater decompression schedule, abnormal ethology changes in rabbits could not be observed af- ter compression and decompression to the surface; and the tissues wet/dry ratio of simulated diving rabbits had no significant changes compared with the intact group （ P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion： The decompression schedule calculated by Haldane theory seemed to be safe and reliable,the diving breathing gas concentration did not cause oxygen toxicity and nitrogen narcosis among the dive rabbits, and dive efficiency was greatly improved by using enriched oxygen gas in UFII） safety range during decompression.

关 键 词：氦氮氧常规潜水 何尔登理论 减压方案 湿干比 家兔 动物行为学 

分 类 号：R84[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]