牡丹‘洛阳红’芽休眠低温解除中需冷量和生理生化动态变化  

Chilling requirement,physiologically and biochemically dynamic profiles of tree peony( Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.) 'Luoyanghong'during buds dormancy release under low temperature treatment

作　　者：高燕[1] 蒋昌华[1] 宋垚[1] 叶康[1] 奉树成 

机构地区：[1]上海植物园,上海城市植物资源开发应用工程技术研究中心,上海200231

出　　处：《林业科技开发》2015年第3期30-34,共5页China Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：上海市绿化和市容管理局2011年科学技术项目辰山专项(JB110325)

摘　　要：以4年生牡丹‘洛阳红’为试验材料,经历0-42 d低温处理观测其芽萌动成花情况,探讨上海地区牡丹花芽低温休眠解除过程中需冷量和生理生化指标的动态变化规律。结果表明：处理7 d为低温累积期,处理14 d即可启动休眠解除但萌动率（52.8%）和成花率（27.8%）均较低;基本解除休眠需要21 d低温处理,萌动率可达90.3%,但成花率为51.6%;而彻底解除休眠则需要至少低温处理28 d,成花率急剧增加至71.8%。花芽中可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖的变化趋势类似：休眠完全解除前随着低温累积量的增加急速增加,彻底解除后随着需冷量的增加变化趋缓。花芽内源激素及其比值的动态变化表明,GA3和ABA的含量变化与花芽休眠解除的进程分别呈显著的正、负相关;在基本与彻底解除休眠区间内二者含量急剧变化,GA3/ABA的值可以直接显示花芽休眠的程度。进一步证明GA3是最为重要的促进休眠解除激素,而ABA则是休眠解除的主要拮抗物。To investigate the chilling requirement, physiologically and biochemically dynamic profiles of tree peony （ Paeonia suffruticosa Andr. ） during dormancy release, we used buds from four-year old potted ＇ Luoyanghong＇ plants for subsequent analysis during a series of chilling treatment. According to the effects on bud outgrowth and floral organ initiation, the first week （7 days） chilling treatment was the accumulation stage, followed by two-week （14 days） chilling dormancy release initiation, three-week （21 days） chilling dormancy largely released and at least four-week （28 days） chilling dormancy completely release. The dynamics of soluble proteins and carbohydrates were similar, with a drastic increase before the complete dormancy release and then stable levels. The dynamic profiles of endogenous hormones during chilling treatment on bud dormancy release indicated that the concentrations of GA3 and ABA were tightly positively and negatively correlated with the dormancy release process, respectively, accompanying -with an abrupt change before the entire dormancy release. Moreover, the ratio of GA3 to ABA could directly indicate the specific stages of bud dormancy re- lease process. The results further supported the conclusion that GA3 is an inducer of bud dormancy release while ABA is an inhibitor of this process.

关 键 词：牡丹 花芽 休眠解除 需冷量 内源激素 动态变化 

分 类 号：S688[农业科学—观赏园艺]