油橄榄叶中脂溶性成分的超临界CO_2萃取及其鉴定  

Supercritical CO_2 extraction and analysis of fat-soluble components of Olea europaea leaves

作　　者：罗天宇[1] 郭玉玉[1] 曹福亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学,南京210037

出　　处：《林业科技开发》2015年第3期81-84,共4页China Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金："十二五"农村领域国家科技计划项目(2012BAD21B04)

摘　　要：采用超临界CO2技术,以无水乙醇为夹带剂对油橄榄叶进行提取,提取物用石油醚萃取,石油醚层浓缩后进行甲酯化,以GC-MS联用结合相对保留时间鉴定脂溶性成分的组成,采用面积归一化法测定它们在样品中的相对含量。通过单因素和正交试验研究,得到提取优化条件为:萃取压力25 MPa,萃取温度45℃,分离温度45℃,萃取时间4 h,CO2流量30 kg/h。在此条件下,脂溶性成分的得率为2.61%。GC-MS分析结果表明:油橄榄叶的25种脂溶性成分被GC分离;21种被MS鉴定,占色谱总馏分出峰面积的91.35%。其中有11种为饱和脂肪酸类化合物,7种为不饱和脂肪酸类化合物,2种为酯类物质,1种为酮类物质,分别占色谱总馏分出峰面积的27.88%,60.99%,2.32%和0.16%。油橄榄叶中的脂溶性成分以不饱和脂肪酸为主。Olive （Olea europaea） leaves were extracted by supercritical CO2 with ethanol as entrainer. The crude extract was extracted by petroleum ether after methyl esterification of the concentrated petroleum ether layer. The composition of the fat-soluble materials was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS） combined with the relative retention time. The relative contents of the components were determined by using area normalization method. By single factor and or- thogonal experiments, the optimal extraction parameters were obtained as follows： extraction pressure 25 MPa, extraction temperature 45 ℃, separation temperature 45 ℃, extraction time 4 h, CO2 flow rate 30 kg/h. In this condition, the yield of fat-soluble components was 2.61%. The results of GC-MS showed that 25 kinds of fat-soluble components were separated by GC in the olive leaves, among which, 21 kinds were identified by MS and accounted for 91.35% of the total peak area of the chromatographic fraction. These identified components included 11 saturated fatty acid compounds, 7 unsaturated fa- tty acid compounds, 2 esters and 1 ketone. They accounted for 27.88%, 60.99%, 2.32% and 0.16% of the total peak area of the chromatographic fraction respectively. Therefore, the unsaturated fatty acids were the main fat-soluble ingre- dients in the olive leaves.

关 键 词：油橄榄叶 脂溶性成分 GC-MS 超临界CO2 

分 类 号：TQ021.8[化学工程]