油茶夏秋季节抗旱措施对林地水分的影响  

Impact of drought resisting measures on water status of Camellia oleifera plantation land in summer and autumn

作　　者：左继林[1] 周文才[1] 龚春[1] 敖婉初[1] 张露[2] 马杰[2] 宫铭[2] 徐林初[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省林业科学院,南昌330013 [2]江西农业大学园林与艺术学院

出　　处：《林业科技开发》2015年第3期104-108,共5页China Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201404702)

摘　　要：为探究高产油茶林抗旱技术,对油茶夏秋林地不同抗旱措施下的土壤含水量进行了调查。结果表明：8,9,10月各抗旱措施下的林地含水量均高于CK,且以8月土壤含水量的增加率最大,抗旱措施效果最好,其中覆膜能明显提高表层土壤的含水量,而覆草有利于保持中、下层土壤的水分。9月灌溉措施对油茶林地保水效果更好,覆草效果优于覆膜;10月覆膜为保持土壤含水量较经济适用的措施,且能有效稳定维持土壤各层水分,而覆草土壤表层0-10 cm全日各时间点的含水量变化较大。油茶林地采取灌溉A、灌溉B、覆膜、覆草措施后0-40 cm土层的平均容积含水量分别比CK提高到1.163,1.158,1.133和1.112倍。油茶林地覆膜与覆草后的土壤0-40 cm日均容积含水量分别为29.70%和27.53%,均高于CK（25.52%）,全日变异系数则分别为2.466%和7.873%,低于CK（8.794%）,增强了土壤水分的稳定性。夏秋季节油茶林地覆盖与灌溉能有效提高土壤含水量,且适宜的灌溉效果最佳。To probe into techniques of drought resisting, we investigated the soil water content in plantation land of Camellia oleifera under different drought resisting measures in summer and autumn. The results showed that the soil water contents of different drought resisting measures in plantation lands were higher than that of CK in August, September and October. The maximum increasing rate of soil water content was in August and drought resisting measures taken in August presented the best effectiveness. Film mulching obviously enhanced the water content of the surface soil and straw mulching was conducive to maintainsoil moisture in the middle and substratum. In September, irrigation was good for water conservation in forest land of C. oleifera and straw mulching was better than film mulching. In October, film mulching was an economic measure to maintain soil moisture and could effectively maintain the stability of soil moisture of each layer, while the variation of the water content in 0-I0 cm of soil surface at different time in a day was larger under the straw mulching. The average volumet- ric soil water contents of 0-40 cm soil layer under irrigation A, irrigation B, film mulching and straw mulching treatments were higher than that of the control by I. 163 times, 1. 158 times, 1. 133 times and 1. 112 times, respectively. The daily average volumetric soil water contents of the 0-40 cm soil layer under film mulching and straw covering were 29.70% and 27.53%, respectively, both of which were higher than that of CK （25.52%）. The diurnal variation coefficients of film mulching and straw mulching were 2. 466% and 7. 873%, respectively, lower than that of the control （8. 974% ）. Showing that the stability of soil water content was improved. In summary, mulching and irrigation enhance the soil water content effectively in forest land of C. oleiferain in summer and autumn and the effectiveness of suitable irrigation is the best.

关 键 词：油茶林地 土壤含水量 覆草 覆膜 灌溉 抗旱措施 

分 类 号：S715.3[农业科学—林学]