吉林蛟河不同演替阶段针阔混交林木本植物α多样性评价  

α biodiversity evaluation for the conifer and broad-leaved mixed forests at different sucessional stages in Jiaohe,Jilin Province

作　　者：吴金卓[1] 蔡小溪 林文树[1] 孔琳琳[1] 彭萱亦 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学工程技术学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《林业科技开发》2015年第3期128-133,共6页China Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划专题(2012BAC01B03-3)

摘　　要：以吉林省蛟河市林业实验区管理局针阔混交林不同演替阶段群落(中龄林、近熟林、成熟林和老龄林)为研究对象,调查16块1 hm2样地内所有胸径大于1 cm的木本植物相关信息,分别计算物种丰富度指数、物种多样性指数、物种均匀度指数和生态优势度指数,并采用方差分析和Duncan多范围检验方法对不同群落的各项指数进行比较分析。结果表明:除Gleason指数外,各群落的物种丰富度指数(Margalef指数、Menhinick指数)间均存在显著性差异;物种多样性方面,各群落的Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson(Gini)指数和Mc Intosh指数均具有显著性差异;各群落的Pielou均匀度指数存在显著性差异,而Simpson生态优势度指数在不同群落间也具有显著性差异;Simpson生态优势度指数与Margalef丰富度指数、Shannon-Wiener多样性指数和Pielou均匀度指数均呈负相关关系,相关系数分别为-0.779 6,-0.967 0和-0.962 1。综合来看,中龄林的物种丰富度指数、多样性指数、均匀度指数要低于其他群落,而生态优势度指数显著地高于其他群落。The conifer and broad-leaved mixed forests at different successional stages including middle-aged forest, near- mature forest, mature forest and old growth forest in Jiaohe Management Bureau of Forestry Experimental Area, Jilin Pro- vince were studied and the related information for the trees with diameter at breast height （DBH） greater than lcm in 16 forest plots were investigated. The species richness, species diversity, species evenness and dominance indices were com- puted. ANOVA analysis and Duncan＇ s muhiple-range test were conducted to compare the differences of the indices among different forest communities. Results showed that besides the Gleason index, the other species richness indices （Margalef index, Menhinick index and Monk index） were significantly different among the four conifers and broad-leaved mixed forests at different sucessional stages. With respect to the species diversity, Shannon-Wiener index, Simpson （Gini） index and McIntosh index were significantly different among the four forests. Both of Pielou index and the Simpson dominance in- dex of the four forests were significantly different. Simpson dominance index was negatively correlated with Margalef index, Shannon-Wiener index and Pielou index with coefficients of - 0.779 6, - 0.967 0 and - 0.962 1. Overall, the species richness, species diversity and species evenness of the middle-aged forest was lower than those of the other forests while its dominance index was significantly higher than that of the other forests.

关 键 词：针阔混交林 群落 物种多样性 指标 

分 类 号：S754.1[农业科学—森林经理学]