有机硅、聚磷酸铵协效阻燃水性聚氨酯的燃烧性能研究  

Study on Combustion Performance of Waterborne Polyurethane with Organosilicon & Ammonium Polyphosphate Synergistic Flame Retardant

作　　者：王文娟 

机构地区：[1]中国石油工程建设公司华东设计分公司,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《有机硅材料》2015年第3期175-178,共4页Silicone Material

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51172116)

摘　　要：以羟乙基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷、聚碳酸酯二醇为起始原料,与异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯反应,制备了有机硅改性水性聚氨酯(Si-WPU);然后添加聚磷酸铵(APP),制备出一系列阻燃Si-WPU-APP。研究了APP用量对Si-WPU阻燃性能及热稳定性的影响。垂直燃烧实验表明,随着APP用量的增加,SiWPU-APP的阻燃性增加,当APP的质量分数为20%时达到UL-94 V-0级;氧指数实验表明,随着APP用量的增加,Si-WPU-APP的氧指数逐渐升高,当APP的质量分数为20%时达到30%;锥形量热仪测试表明,随着APP用量的增加,Si-WPU-APP的点燃时间逐渐延长,最大热释放速率由600 k W/m2降低到450 k W/m2且生烟速率由0.074 m2/s下降到0.044 m2/s;TG测试表明,APP的加入没有延迟Si-WPU降解的作用,但能促进C—C、C—O及Si—O键的成炭,从而大大降低材料后期的分解速率并提高成炭量。综合以上性能,聚磷酸铵的最佳质量分数为25%。Silicone modified waterborne polyurethane（ Si- WPU） was prepared with polycarbonate glycol,hydroxyethyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane（ SHG） as raw materials,acting with fluorine ketone diisocyanate. And then adding different amounts of ammonium polyphosphate,a series of flame retardant silicone waterborne polyurethane were prepared. The influence of ammonium polyphosphate（ APP） on the flame retardant performance and thermal stability of Si- WPU was studied. The vertical combustion experiment showed that with the increase of APP,the flame retardancy of Si- WPU increased. When the mass fraction of APP was 20%,it could pass UL- 94 V- 0. Oxygen index of the experimental results showed that with the increase of APP,the oxygen index of Si- WPU increased. When the mass fraction of APP was 20%,the oxygen index grew to 30%. Cone calorimeter tests showed that with the increase of APP,the lit time of WPU extended gradually,its maximum heat release rate reduced from 600 k W / m^2 to 450 k W / m^2 and its smoke rate dropped from0. 074 m^2/ s to 0. 044 m^2/ s. TG test showed the addition of APP did not delay the degradation of Si- WPU,but it could promote the charcoal formation of C- C,C- O and Si- O bond,thus reducing the decomposition rate of the material at the later stage and increasing the amount of carbon. The more the addition of APP,the greater the flame retardancy. In conclusion,the optimum dosage of APP was 25%.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 有机硅 聚磷酸铵 阻燃 羟乙基封端聚二甲基硅氧烷 聚碳酸酯二醇 异氟尔酮二异氰酸酯 

分 类 号：TQ317[化学工程—高聚物工业]