济南市中老年社区居民健康知识和行为现状及其影响因素分析  

Current Status and Influencing Factors of Health Knowledge and Behaviors Among Community Mid-aged and Elderly Residents,Jinan City

作　　者：刘波[1,2] 王伟[1] 王束玫[1] 马伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东大学公共卫生学院,山东济南250012 [2]山东大学卫生管理与政策研究中心,山东济南250012

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2015年第5期327-330,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：山东大学自主创新基金交叉学科培育项目(2010JC008)

摘　　要：目的了解济南市城区50岁以上中老年社区居民健康知识及健康相关行为的现状并分析其影响因素,为有效开展社区健康促进和健康教育工作提供参考依据。方法 2011年3月至2012年8月在济南市市区用方便抽样法选取5个社区作为研究现场,在选中的社区用整群抽样法对社区内符合条件的50岁以上的中老年人群进行调查,采用描述性流行病学方法分析济南市中老年人健康知识和行为现状,用卡方检验、非条件Logistic回归分析与其相关的因素。结果调查共收集问卷2 640份,有效问卷2 498份,调查对象的健康知识知晓率为70.98%（2 391人）,健康行为形成率为81.02%（2 024人）。Logistic回归分析显示个人月收入水平（OR=1.50,95%CI：1.29~1.74）、年龄（OR=0.62,95%CI：0.55~0.69）、民族（OR=0.39,95%CI：0.25~0.61）与健康知识知晓率有关。年龄（OR=1.34,95%CI：1.16~1.53）、性别（OR=8.51,95%CI：6.59~10.97）、婚姻状况（OR=0.59,95%CI：0.42~0.83）、个人月收入水平（OR=1.28,95%CI：1.07~1.52）与健康行为形成率有关。结论济南市中老年人健康知识知晓率不够理想,特别是高血压和糖尿病知识知晓率较低。Objective To understand the current status and influencing factors of health knowledge and behaviors among people aged above 50 years old in Jinan city,so as to provide the reference basis for effective community health education and health promotion. Methods A convenience sample method was used to select five communities in Jinan city during March,2Oll-August,2012. Then cluster sampling was used to invite all people more than 50 years old in the 5 communi- ties to finish a face-to-face survey. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test and non-conditional Logistic regression analysis was used to find the influencing factors of health knowledge level and health behaviors. Results A total of 2 640 question- naires were collected,among which 2 498 were valid. The awareness rate of health knowledge of the elderly in Jinan city communities was 70.98% （2 391）, and the healthy behavior rate was 81.02% （2 024）. Personal monthly income （ OR 1.50,95% CI ：1.29-1.74）,age（OR =0.62,95% CI ：0.55-0.69）and ethnicity（OR =0.39,95% CI：0. 25-0. 61） were influencing factors of awareness rate of health knowledge. Age（ OR = 1.34,95% CI： 1.16-1.53）, gender（ OR = 8.51, 95% CI：6.59-10.97） ,marital status （ OR =0.59,95% CI ：0.42-0.83） ,and personal monthly income （ OR =1.28,95% CI：1.07-1.52） were related to healthy behavior rate. Conclusion The awareness rate of health knowledge among the middle aged and the elderly in Jinan city communities is low,especially hypertension and diabetes health knowledge level.

关 键 词：社区 健康知识 健康行为 影响因素 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学]