中古汉语双音节“×来”式时间语词再考察  

A Reconsideration of the Double-syllabic Time-words“×Lai（来）”in Middle Ancient Chinese

作　　者：何亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学文学院

出　　处：《励耘语言学刊》2015年第1期116-128,共13页

基　　金：2012年国家社科项目(西部项目)的阶段性成果(项目编号:12XYY014)

摘　　要：中古时期双音节＂×来＂式时间语词有三种类型。＂未然性副词成分＋来＂体现＂时间在动＂的强势时间认知方式,＂来＂的位移义具体实在。＂起点性表时成分×＋来＂源自＂自×以来＂格式,体现＂观察者在动＂的时间认知方式,＂来＂获得时段标志意义。＂显性时间义成分＋来＂出现于＂来＂发展为词缀之后。只有×是泛指性过去义时间成分时,＂起点性表时成分×＋来＂才能固化成词,＂来＂才具备词缀化的条件。There are three types of double syllable time-words“× Lai（ 来 ）”in the middle ancient Chinese. “Adverb ＋Lai（ 来 ）” reflects a mighty cognitive mode that“Time is a moving object”, and“Lai（ 来 ）”has a concrete moving meaning.“Starting point ingredients of time （×）＋Lai（来）”originated from the format of“Zi × Yi Lai （自×以来）”reflecting the cognitive mode that“Time is stationary and observer moves through it”, and“Lai（来）”gains the meaning as the marker of time section.“Dominant ingredients of time ＋Lai（ 来 ）” appeared after the “Lai（ 来 ）” has developed into an affix. Only when × is a general reference ingredients of time which reflect the past, The“starting time ingredients＋Lai（ 来 ）”can be lexicalized. And then the“Lai（来）”will have the condition to be affixation.

关 键 词：中古汉语 时间语词 ×来 词缀 词汇化 

分 类 号：H141[语言文字—汉语]