车载信息对驾驶人眨眼特性及负荷的影响规律  

Effects of In-vehicle Information on Driver Eye Blink Duration and Workload

作　　者：朱彤[1,2] 吴玲[1,2] 路巧珍 

机构地区：[1]汽车运输安全保障技术交通行业重点实验室,陕西西安710064 [2]长安大学汽车学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《西南交通大学学报》2015年第3期504-510,共7页Journal of Southwest Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金资助项目(51108036);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51178054);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(CHD2010JC085)

摘　　要：为研究车载信息对驾驶人负荷的影响,进行了实车道路实验.实验中,将车载设备安装在3处不同位置,采集驾驶人眨眼时间与频率数据,采用图像路径信息发布或图像、声音路径信息同时发布方式,研究驾驶人的眨眼特性,并对比驾驶人是否使用车载导航状态下眨眼时间与频率分布规律差异.实验数据显示,将眨眼持续时间为0-200 ms的眨眼数据以10 ms为间距展开时,驾驶人眨眼次数分布曲线出现了明显的双峰特征;未使用车载导航时,眨眼持续时间在50-60 ms的峰值低于10-20 ms的峰值,使用车载导航时反之;不同导航安装位置条件下,中、长眨眼差异不显著,而短眨眼具有显著差异;无语音提示下的眨眼次数双峰均大于有语音提示时,短眨眼明显增大,中眨眼也相对较大,长眨眼几乎不变.上述结果表明：使用车载导航情况下驾驶人的工作负荷更大,导航安装在置物台上时,驾驶人工作负荷最小;使用车载导航语音提示,可减小驾驶人的工作负荷.A real-vehicle experiment was conducted to study the effects of in-vehicle information systems on driver workload. Data of driver blink duration and frequency were collected with in-vehicle equipment mounted at three different positions. Driver blinking characteristics were studied for the navigation system providing image route information or image and sound route information. The distributions of blink duration and count with and without using route navigation were compared. Experimental data show that the blink count has dramatic bimodal distribution when blink duration ranges from 0 to 200 ms with an interval of 10 ms. Without using route navigation, blink counts between 50 and 60 ms are lower than those between 10 and 20 ms, while the results are converse using route navigation. The positions of navigation system return no significant effect in the counts of medium and long blinks while return significant effect on short blink count. Without sound route information, the double peak values of blink count are larger than the case with sound route information. Besides, short blink counts increase most noticeably, and then medium blink counts, while long blink counts nearly remain constant. This demonstrates that using the navigation system increases driver mental workload, and when the navigation system is mounted on the stands, the workload is the minimum. With sound route information, the workload is decreased.

关 键 词：交通心理学 驾驶人 车载信息 眨眼 工作负荷 

分 类 号：U491.254[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]