旅游圈空间演化的嵌套模型与效用分析  

Explaining Spatial Evolution of Tourism Destination Circles:A Perspective from Nesting Model and Utility Analysis

作　　者：林瑶云 李山[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学地理科学学院,上海200241 [2]华东师范大学地理信息科学教育部重点实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《旅游学刊》2015年第6期17-29,共13页Tourism Tribune

基　　金：国家自然科学基金"区域间旅游溢出效应的测度与优化:基于Agent模拟的研究"(41071092);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目"旅游业区域溢出效应的测度与实证研究"(09YJC790089)资助~~

摘　　要：旅游圈作为一种动态扩张的空间组织,逐渐凸显成为中国区域旅游合作中最重要的符号表征,然而,目前类比性的"点轴"空间形态演化模式尚缺乏定量刻画与内生解释。文章统合实践中旅游圈在整体上所具有的中心-腹地结构与枢纽-网络结构复合性的特点,提出了一种"嵌套式圈层结构"模型与"嵌套式分层演化"模式,并立足需求视角,从旅游效用切入,以长江三角洲旅游圈为例进行了定量解释。研究表明:1)空间上,旅游圈具有嵌套式的圈层结构,可划分为葩嵌层与光环层,葩嵌层嵌套于光环层之中,而光环层可进一步划分为实环和虚环,在空间上具有可拓展性;2)时间上,旅游圈体现出"嵌套式"的分层演化,可划分为探查期、发展期和巩固期等3个阶段,其中,葩嵌层演化的这3个阶段在整体上可作为光环旅游圈演化进程的探查期,并显示出一种分层演化与跃迁扩张的特点;3)长江三角洲旅游圈的经典线路统计结果表明,其累计旅游效用在空间上呈现出典型的"L型"收敛模式,间接反映了旅游圈演化扩张中经历着边际效用递减到边际效用不变的转化;而游时-旅径关系模型的计算结果表明,长江三角洲旅游圈在整体上已臻于成熟而处于一种平稳发展的优化状态。当然,嵌套式圈层结构模型与嵌套式分层演化模式在实践应用中需要结合个案进行具体分析,并期待更多的案例验证。As a process of spatial expansion in a dynamic manner, the Tourism Destination Circle （TDC） has become the most important “symbolic representation” for tourism cooperation across Chinese regions. As the core part of TDC, destinations （cities） witness substaintal spatial evoluation, and the understanding of this spatial process becomes an important topic in the tourism literature. The analogical “point-axis” spatial evolution mode can discribe the general development process of the TDC and regional tourism cooperation in a straightforward way, as well as the spatial structure patterns at each stage. However, it is still lack of quantitative investigation and endogenous explanation for this process. Based on TDC＇ s center-hinterland structure and hub-network structure, this paper proposes a “nested ring layer structure” model and a “nested hierarchical evolution” model. From a demand perspective, the paper investigate tourism utility of TDC based on an empirical analysis on the TDC of the Yangtze River Delta. The research shows that, first, TDC＇s demonstrate ＂nested ring layer structure＂ from a spatial point of view, and it can be divided into a patch layer and a halo layer. The patch layer is composed of multiple tourism destinations （cities） and nested in the halo layer, whereas the halo layer can be further divided into “real halo” and “virtual halo.” The TDC presents the nested characterists of sharing patch layer in an integrated way, and each layer＇ s tourism destination （city） and sub-TDC are assumed to be equal, which could expand in space. Second, from a temporal point of view, the TDC reflects ＂nested hierarchical evolution＂ process, and the evolution process of TDC generally includes 3 periods： ＇exploration＇, ＇development＇ and ＇consolidation＇. The patch layer first evolves into a mature ring layer and continues its growth. After that, the tourism spillover effect pushes forward the peripheral halo layer by the way of “transition expans

关 键 词：旅游圈 区域旅游合作 空间结构 旅游效用 长江三角洲 

分 类 号：F592.7[经济管理—旅游管理]