中国鱼类新纪录科——法老鱼科及其一新纪录种记述(仙女鱼目)  

First Record of the Family Anotopteridae(Aulopiformes) with One Newly Recorded Species, North Pacific Daggertooth Anotopterus nikparini in South China Sea

作　　者：唐文乔[1] 伍汉霖[1] 刘东[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学鱼类研究室上海市海洋动物系统分类与进化重点实验室,上海201306

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2015年第3期460-463,共4页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31093430);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金项目(No.20123104110006)

摘　　要：法老鱼科(Anotopteridae)物种是一类凶猛的肉食性鱼类,主要分布在北太平洋、北大西洋和南冰洋中高纬度的寒冷海区,共有1属3种,以往在中国海域没有记录。我们在整理20世纪80年代初采自中国南海的馆藏鱼类标本时,发现了该科1种,即尼氏法老鱼(Anotopterus nikparini Kukuev)。其主要特征为,体甚柔软而细长,近圆筒形。口裂大,上下颌延长,上颌具1行短齿;腭骨有1行镰刀状的大型齿;下颌有1行扁薄的大齿。鳃裂甚宽,鳃膜不与颊部相连;鳃耙退化。鳃盖骨扁薄而柔软。体表无鳞。背鳍缺失,脂鳍发达。各鳍无棘,臀鳍15,胸鳍14,腹鳍11。侧线完全,有侧线孔85。脊椎骨80。法老鱼科、法老鱼属(Anotopterus)和尼氏法老鱼是中国鱼类的新纪录科、新纪录属和新纪录种。标本保存于上海海洋大学鱼类标本馆。Daggertooth fishes of the family Anotopteridae are a group of carnivorous fish, distributed mainly in high latitude sea area in the North Pacific, North Atlantic and the Southern Ocean. This family contains a total of 1 genus and 3 species, but no record of distribution in Chinese waters in the past. In the process of analyzing collection of fish specimens collected from the South China Sea in the early 1980 s, 1 species was identified as North Pacific daggertooth Anotopterus nikparini Kukuev（Fig. 1）. The major morphological characteristics are： body very soft and slender, nearly cylindrical. Mouth crack large; maxillary and mandibular lengthening; with 1 row of short maxillary teeth; 1 row of sickle shaped palatal teeth; 1 row of flat and thin mandibular teeth（Fig. 2）. Branchial cleft very wide, branchial membranes not connected with the cheek; gill rakers degradation. Opercular flat thin and soft. Whole body surface without scales. Dorsal fin deletion, but the adipose fin developed. All fins without spines, anal fins 15, pectoral fins 14, pelvic fins 11. Lateral line complete, with lateral line hole 85. vertebrae 80. The genus Anotopterus and the family Anotopteridae are also newly recorded genus and family in China. The specimen is deposited in the Fish Museum of Shanghai Ocean University.

关 键 词：仙女鱼目 法老鱼科 尼氏法老鱼 新纪录 中国南海 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]