夏季不同形式湿地中2类厌氧脱氮菌群的分布特征  

Distribution characteristics of two types of anaerobic denitrifier bacteria in different wetlands in summer

作　　者：曾宪磊[1,2] 刘兴国[2] 吴宗凡[2] 时旭[2] 陆诗敏[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所,上海200092

出　　处：《水产学报》2015年第5期735-744,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31372570);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD25B01);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203083)

摘　　要：为研究不同形式湿地中厌氧脱氮菌的分布特征和关键影响因子,选择池塘、沟渠、表流和潜流4种形式湿地,采用16S r DNA克隆文库法和典型对应分析等方法,分析了夏季4种形式湿地中厌氧氨氧化菌和反硝化型甲烷厌氧化菌的菌群结构及其与环境因子的相关性。结果显示,湿地中的AMX菌与Candidatus Brocadia fulgida相似性最高可达99%,DAMO菌与典型菌株C.Methylomirabilis oxyfera分在了不同的分支。夏季4种形式湿地中,AM X菌的Shannon多样性依次为表流湿地>潜流湿地>沟渠>池塘,DAMO菌的Shannon多样性依次为池塘>潜流湿地>沟渠>表流湿地。上覆水中TOC和NO-3-N是影响AM X菌分布的主要因素,上覆水中TN、NH+4-N、p H和DO对DAM O菌分布影响最大。研究表明,夏季表流湿地底泥中所含AM X菌类别最多,池塘底泥所含DAMO菌种类别最多,不同形式湿地中均有AMX菌存在,但不确定是否存在DAMO反应,影响2类菌群分布的主要相关因子是C、N以及p H和DO。In order to explore the distribution characteristics of anaerobic ammonium oxidation（AMX） and denitrifying anaerobic methane oxidation（DAMO） bacteria in four different wetlands in summer and the key environmental factors influencing the two anaerobic denitrifier bacteria, several 16S rDNA clone libraries were constructed and correlation analysis and canonical correspondence analysis were conducted. The selected wetlands include pond wetland, ditch wetland, surface flow constructed wetland, and subsurface flow constructed wetland. The obtained results showed that the highest identity of AMX sequences related to the representative strain Candidatus Brocadia fulgida were 99% ,whereas the DAMO sequences were grouped as a clade separated to the DAMO representative strain C. Methylomirabilis oxyfera. In four wetlands in summer,the Shannon indices of AMX bacteria from high to low were：surface flow constructed wetland 〉 subsurface flow constructed wetland 〉 pond 〉 ditch, and the Shannon indices of DAMO bacteria was in the order of pond 〉 subsurface flow constructed wetland 〉 ditch 〉 surface flow constructed wetland. The TOC and NO3^- -N in overlying water were the main factors influencing the distribution of AMX bacteria and the water TN,NH4^＋ -N,pH and DO had large effects on the distribution of DAMO. Moreover, the OTU number of AMX is the highest in sediments of surface flow constructed wetland and that of DAMO is the highest in pond. These findings demonstrated the presence of AMX in all wetlands studied,but the presence of DAMO reaction is still uncertain. The main factors affecting the distribution of two kinds of anaerobic denitrifier bacteria were C,N and pH and DO.

关 键 词：湿地 厌氧氨氧化菌 反硝化型甲烷厌氧化菌 分布特征 

分 类 号：Q938.8[生物学—微生物学] S917.1[农业科学—水产科学]