“伊斯兰国”的资源动员和策略选择  

Resource Mobilization and Strategy Choosing: The Rise of the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham

作　　者：曾向红[1,2] 陈亚州[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学中亚研究所 [2]兰州大学管理学院

出　　处：《国际展望》2015年第3期103-122,共20页Global Review

基　　金：国家社科基金西部项目"中东国家的社会变迁与社会运动研究"(13XGJ001);国家社科基金青年项目"中亚萨拉菲与恐怖极端势力的关系及其对新疆安全的影响研究"(14CGJ016)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：2014年6月以来,"伊斯兰国"异军突起,对中东甚至全球安全构成重大威胁。"伊斯兰国"的崛起并非偶然,而是其长期经营和精心谋划的结果。"伊斯兰国"借助中东变局带来的动荡局势,不断提高自身能力,实现了从弱到强的转变。本文从资源动员能力和策略选择能力两个方面分析了"伊斯兰国"迅速崛起的原因。首先,"伊斯兰国"通过招募成员和筹措资金获取了大量资源,大幅提升其实力。其次,"伊斯兰国"确立了严格的组织结构,制定了明确的军事战略、管理战略和宣传策略,进一步提高了其作战能力。尽管美国主导的军事联盟的打击在一定程度上遏制了"伊斯兰国"的发展势头,但未能彻底摧毁其资源动员和策略选择能力。The Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham(ISIS, or IS) has been extending its influence since June 2014, which poses a growing threat to the Middle East and world security. It has become a strong force by taking advantage of the uprisings in the Middle East. In other words, the IS's rise is not an accident, but the result of its implementing an elaborate plan. This paper analyzes the rise of the IS from the perspectives of resource mobilization and strategy choosing. It argues that the IS firstly increased its power by recruitment and fund raising. Then, it began to establish a rigorous internal structure, and adopted some innovative military, management, and propaganda tactics. Although the military alliance led by the U.S. has deterred the IS to some degree, it cannot eradicate the IS's abilities to mobilize resources and employ creative tactics.

关 键 词：伊斯兰国 资源动员 策略选择 恐怖主义 

分 类 号：D815.4[政治法律—国际关系]