KATP通道在心血管保护及糖尿病伴发心血管疾病发生发展中的作用  

Role of KATP Channel in the Protection of Cardiovascular System and the Development of Diabetes Mellitus with Cardiovascular Disease

作　　者：郝杰[1] 滕思勇[1] 吴永健[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京协和医学院阜外心血管病医院心血管病国家重点实验室,北京市100037

出　　处：《医学分子生物学杂志》2015年第3期159-164,共6页Journal of Medical Molecular Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（No.81370287）

摘　　要：近年来诸多临床研究表明，当糖尿病患者伴发心脏病时，其死亡率、心力衰竭和心律失常的发生率和心血管事件风险均高于非糖尿病人群。糖尿病患者应用降糖药后心血管事件发生率的改变尚存争议，这一现象背后的分子机制较为复杂。 ATP敏感钾通道（KATP通道）作为糖尿病和心血管疾病的共同发病机制，可以在一定程度上解释这一临床现象的原因。文章总结以下几方面的研究进展：① KATP通道构造、分布和作用机制的研究进展；② KATP通道的心血管保护作用的；③糖尿病状态下胰岛素、高血糖和异常代谢产物是如何通过影响KATP通道的表达和活性从而影响心血管系统；④ KATP通道阻滞剂（磺胺类降糖药）和KATP通道开放剂的研发进展。提出mitoKATP通道的相关机制研究应该是未来这一领域的研究重点，相关药物研发应该更加注重高选择性以及对血糖控制和心血管保护作用的兼顾。Recently, numerous clinical studies showed that the mortality and the incidence of heart failure, arrhythmia and embolism are significantly higher in patients with diabetes mellitus （ DM） and concomitant heart disease than in non-DM population-There remains controversy sur-rounding the changes of cardiovascular events after application of blood-glucose lowing drugs to DM patients-The underlying mechanism is complicated-ATP sensitive K＋channel （ KATP channel） is re-ported to be involved in the development of both DM and cardiovascular disease-This article summa-rized the advances from the following aspects：1） the structure, distribution and action mechanism of KATP channel; 2） the protective role of KATP channel in cardiovascular system; 3） how insulin, high blood glucose and abnormal metabolism products affect the cardiovascular system by influencing the expression and activity of KATP channel in DM patients; 4 ） the development of KATP channel blocker （ sulfonamides） and KATP channel opener-Researches on mitoKATP-related mechanism will become the focus in the future-The high selectivity of drugs should be considered as well as simulta-neously controlling blood glucose and protecting cardiovascular system in the development of related drugs in the future.

关 键 词：ATP敏感钾通道 糖尿病 缺血预适应 心律失常 

分 类 号：R34[医药卫生—基础医学]