中华水韭孢子囊发育研究  

Studies on the Sporangia Development in Isoetes sinensis

作　　者：李婧[1] 连永权[2] 李范[1] 刘保东[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,哈尔滨150025 [2]黑龙江职业学院,哈尔滨150111

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2015年第5期929-933,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31170294)

摘　　要：采用半薄切片法,连续观察了极度濒危级(CR)植物中华水韭大小孢子囊的发育过程,以期从无性生殖的角度,为探讨其濒危原因提供直观可靠的理论根据。结果显示:(1)中华水韭的大小孢子叶相间排列,无混生孢子囊。(2)隔丝为孢子供给营养,其体积直接影响孢子的大小、产量和育性。(3)大小孢子囊都近半数败育,小孢子囊为整齐发育,大孢子囊为不整齐发育。(4)大小孢子囊均无柄,且都不存在开裂结构,只有孢子囊壁腐烂后才能散播孢子。研究认为,中华水韭的濒危与孢子囊的发育特征密切相关,孢子囊的高频率败育、没有开裂结构以及对环境的依赖,是造成中华水韭濒危的重要因素之一;通过与近缘类群孢子囊的比较,发现仅水韭孢子的散播借助外力,对生境要求较高,即验证了水韭古老的系统学地位,同时说明水韭更具有监测生境地区环境指标的能力。In the perspective of asexual reproduction, the development process of critically endangered revel （CR） Isoetes sinensis plant sporangium was continuously observed with method of semithin-section to provide intuitive and reliable theoretical basis for investigating the reasons for its endangered. The result showed that： （1）Megasporophyll and microsporophyll of I. sinensis are alternate arranged, no mixed sporangium. （2）Supplying the nutrients for the spores by septum filament. The size of paraphysis is critical to the size,productivity and fertility of spores. （3）The microsporangia are uniformly developed, while the megasporangia are nonuniformly;both kinds of sporangia present almost 50% abortion. （4）Both kinds of sporangia have no sporangiophore and no annulus also. The spore release depends on sporangium decompose. It suggested that the developing characters of sporangium is one of the endangered reason for I. sinensis due to high abortion rate of sporangia, no release structure or highly environment dependence. Comparing with relative species sporangium,it could be found that only Isoetes spores spread borrowing outside force and the higher requirement on the habitat,which verified the status of Isoetes old system and illustrated the Isoetes has more abilities of monitoring environmental indicators in habitat area.

关 键 词：中华水韭 孢子囊发育 濒危原因 系统演化 

分 类 号：Q944.58[生物学—植物学]