正反螺旋式土壤改良石灰播撒机设计与试验  

Design and experiment of pros spiral lime spreading machine

作　　者：高自成[1] 李立君[1] 阳涵疆 祝强[1] 周鹰[1] 闵淑辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学机电工程学院,长沙410004

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2015年第10期43-50,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：湖南省农产品产地重金属污染防治专项支持(2013090461);湖南省高校科技创新团队支持计划(2014207)

摘　　要：为了提高石灰播撒的效率和精准控制播撒量,研制了正反螺旋式石灰播撒机,并与旋耕机组合成一体机,采用复合作业方式。该文论述了正反螺旋式石灰播撒机的结构和工作原理、灰量调节机构原理和调节方法,并对播撒机的出灰口尺寸和播撒辊的转速进行了试验设计,计算了播撒机的总功率;最后将石灰播撒旋耕机一体机在冬天的稻田进行石灰播撒-旋耕组合的田间试验。结果表明:当石灰播撒-旋耕一体机前进速度平均为5 km/h,播撒辊转速为80 r/min,调节机构档位处于最大播撒量的13档时,满足第1年的播撒量要求;当档位分别位于12档(或10档)和7档时,播撒量分别满足第2年和第3年的播撒量要求。该研究为改善农业作业条件、降低劳动力成本、提高石灰播撒效率提供了参考。With the continuous development of industry, environment pollution such as soil acidification and heavy metal pollution of soil becomes increasingly serious, especially in the acidic soil region of southern China. Liming is a traditional and effective method to improve acidic soil. Manual spreading is a kind of traditional method of liming, but it is inefficient and has some side effects like skin damage of workers because of the corrosive property of lime. In order to solve the deficiencies of manual liming and compensate the technology gap of liming machine between domestic and overseas market, we designed a lime spreading machine which was able to be assembled with other agricultural machinery to become combined machine. The development of liming machine has great significance to improve liming efficiency and working conditions. This paper discussed the structure and working principle of the pros spiral lime spreading machine. The machine used the spread roller which was similar to the structure of pros spiral as working parts, used the overlapped waist-shaped hole as the lime spreading outlet, and controlled the waist-shaped hole overlapping area through adjusting assembly to adjust the lime spreading amount. Through experiment we determined the lime outlet size and the lime spreading roller’s rotation speed of the lime spreading machine, and experiment results showed that： Firstly, when the lime spreading roller speed was below 125 turn per minute, for the same waist-shaped lime spreading outlet, the lime spreading amount per turn of lime spreading roller could be treated as a constant value, i.e. the spreading amount and lime spread roller’s rotation speed were in a linear relationship; Secondly, when the number of lime spreading plate was 40, the hole was waist-shaped hole with the size of 25 mm×10 mm and the rotation speed of the roller was in 120 turn per minute, we got the lime spreading amount of 1 500 kg/h which met the maximum requirements of lime spreading. Considering the linear relationship

关 键 词：农业机械 机械化 设计 正反螺旋 石灰播撒机 功率计算 

分 类 号：S222.4[农业科学—农业机械化工程]