基于北斗/GPS的谷物收割机作业综合管理系统  

Integrated management system of grain combine harvester based on Beidou & GPS

作　　者：刘碧贞[1] 黄华[1] 祝诗平[1] 向必万 

机构地区：[1]西南大学工程技术学院,重庆400716

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2015年第10期204-210,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：重庆市应用开发计划项目(CSTC2014YYKFA80001);中央高校基本业务费资助项目(XDJK2013C107)

摘　　要：针对在谷物产量测量作业中收割机采用单一的全球定位系统(global positioning system,GPS)进行定位时定位信息不稳定的问题,提出利用具有定位和双向通信功能的北斗/GPS双模用户机,其内部采用北斗(BJ-54)和GPS(WGS-84)2种混合定位方式,将这2种定位方式互补使用,可以解决当使用单一定位情况下定位信息不稳定的问题。利用北斗/GPS双模用户机的定位信息实现谷物收割机行走线路图的测绘;利用北斗卫星的报文通信功能代替全球移动通信系统短信息服务,实现谷物收割机作业数据的远程传输功能。谷物收割机作业综合管理系统包括作业管理中心和车载子系统两部分。车载子系统实现收割机的地理位置、收割面积和谷物质量等数据的采集,然后将采集的数据通过北斗卫星传输给作业管理中心。作业管理中心利用这些数据可以绘制出收割机作业轨迹图和产量分布图,同时作业管理中心也可以向收割机发送作业指令,并通过文本语音转换模块将文本内容转换成语音信号输出,实现作业的综合管理与调度。田间产量测量试验表明,系统测量谷物收割面积相对误差为2.9%,谷物产量相对误差为3.47%,系统运行稳定、可靠。该系统可为南方丘陵山区谷物收割机跨区作业的产量测量、管理提供参考。At present, most combine harvesters are using Global Positioning System （GPS） to get the position of harvesters and draw harvesters’ work trajectories. However, the positioning information might be instable by using a single positioning. In order to solve this problem, this paper makes full use of Beidou/GPS dual-mode receiver which supports positioning and two-way communication. The inside of the Beidou/GPS dual-mode receiver contains 2 positioning systems： Beidou Navigation Satellite System （BDS） and GPS. But these 2 positioning algorithms are using 2 different coordinate systems： Beidou navigation positioning algorithm uses BJ-54 coordinate system, and the positioning algorithm of GPS navigation uses WGS-84 coordinate system. Complementary use of these 2 positioning systems can solve the problem of positioning information instability that occurs when using a single positioning. It means that when the Beidou positioning information has deviation, GPS positioning information can be used to make correction. The combine harvester walking map can be drawn from the positioning information of the Beidou/GPS dual-mode receiver. The message communication function of Beidou satellite is used instead of GSM short message service to realize remote transmission between harvester and control center. The integrated management system for grain combine harvester is designed using sensor detection technology, data acquisition and processing technology, wireless communication technology, navigation technology, speech synthesis technology and computer network technology. The integrated management system of grain combine harvester includes 2 parts： Vehicle subsystems and control center. The vehicle subsystem consists of Beidou/GPS dual-mode receiver, weight sensor module, moisture sensor module, speed sensor module and text-to-speech （TTS） module. The control center consists of clients and server. The vehicle subsystem collects the data of geographical position, harvested area and grain weight, and then transmi

关 键 词：收割机 农业 数据处理 谷物产量测量 北斗卫星 产量分布图 

分 类 号：S237[农业科学—农业机械化工程] TN965.7[农业科学—农业工程]