基于空不变图像复原的光学遥感成像系统优化  

Optimization for optical remote sensing imaging system based on space-invariant image restoration

作　　者：智喜洋[1] 张伟[1] 侯晴宇[1] 孙晅 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学空间光学工程研究中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《光学精密工程》2015年第5期1490-1497,共8页Optics and Precision Engineering

基　　金：国家973重点基础研究发展计划资助项目(No.613210)

摘　　要：提出了依据复原处理来优化设计遥感成像系统的思想。对影响复原处理性能的主要链路环节因素及其关系进行了理论分析、半物理和仿真实验以及正交试验。通过复原问题的数学模型,从理论上提出相机调制传递函数(MTF)的空间变化性(MTFSV)、数据压缩比(CR)和非均匀性校正残差(NCR)是影响空不变复原处理的主要因素;然后通过搭建半物理平台和仿真实验,分析上述因素导致的处理误差对复原图像判读质量的影响;最后利用组合数学理论,通过MTFSV、CR、NCR多因素多水平图像复原的正交试验,建立它们与处理性能间的关系量表。实验结果表明:在遥感成像系统MTFSV小于10%、CR小于4∶1、NCR不大于3%,而系统MTFN仅为0.07的情况下,采用空不变复原处理仍可提高图像MTF面积达70%以上,且能保持图像信噪比(SNR)不变,而处理误差所致的图像失真也不会影响判读质量。An optimizing design idea for optical remote sensing imaging systems based on restoration processing was proposed.The main imaging-chain components effecting restoration processing performance were explored by theoretical analyzed,semi-physical simulation experiments and orthogonal experiments.According to deducing a mathematical model of restoration problems,it points out in theory that the main factors impacting the restoration performance are the imaging system Modulation Transfer Function space-variant（MTFSV）,data compression ratio（CR）and nonuniformity correction error（NCR）.Then,the restoration distortions that effect the interpretation capability of images owing to the above factors were analyzed by using a semi-physical imaging platform and simulation experiments.Finally,the relationship between restoration performance and the above metrics was established by using combined mathematics and an orthogonal experiment for the restored images with multilevel MTFSV,CRand NCR.Experimental results indicate that the restoration performs well in a quite low MTF value at Nyquist frequency（only 0.07）,the MTFSVisless than 10%,CRless than 4∶1and the NCRis no more than 3%,which not only implements the MTF area more than 70% but also keeps Signal to Noise Ratio（SNR）invariant and achieves available image quality for the interpretation as well.

关 键 词：光学遥感 成像系统 优化设计 调制传递函数 空间变化性 压缩比 非均匀性校正残差 图像复原 

分 类 号：TP751.1[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]