遥感技术在海洋赤潮的监测与防治方面的应用  

Application of Remote Sensing Technology in Monitoring and Prevention of Red Tide

作　　者：刘君臣[1] 杨玉忠[1] 黄勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津市测绘院,天津300381

出　　处：《北京测绘》2015年第3期122-126,共5页Beijing Surveying and Mapping

摘　　要：随着工农业生产的发展,人口增多,近200年来,赤潮已成为世界性的年度自然灾害,是海洋三大公害之一。虽然其发生的原因尚未完全查明,但通过一些手段仍然可以监测和防治赤潮。由于海洋现象具有空间尺度大、变化周期长、直接观测难的特点,传统监测方法的周期太长、精度不够高,具有很大的局限性,且效果并不十分理想。而利用卫星遥感技术的实时性、大尺度、快速和长时间连续的特点,则可以比较快速地监测赤潮,从而尽可能地降低赤潮的危害。本文从最新的遥感技术出发,结合国际国内形势,阐述了应用遥感技术进行赤潮监测和防治的方法及原理,重点介绍了高光谱遥感影像处理技术,同时对各种方法的优缺点作一比较,提出了一些建议。As the development of the industry and agriculture, as well as the rapid growth of the population, for the recent 200 years, red tide has become the world wide nature disaster and one of the top three most serious pollutions. Although the cause of red tide is not known clearly, using some methods, we still can predict and prevent red tide. For the sea phenomenon is vast and changing beyond our measure methods, the traditional predictions have many limitation such as long cycle, low precision, and they can＇t meet our needs. Now we can real-timely, vast-area, fast and long-time continuously follow the changes of red tide, so as to reduce the losses as much as possible. Based on the newest remote sensing technology, combined with the situation of international and home, this paper expatiates the measurements and principles of prediction and prevention against red tide, and puts emphases on process of hyperspectral remote sensing images. Meanwhile, this paper compares all the methods with each other, and then gives some suggestions.

关 键 词：赤潮 遥感技术 赤潮监测 海洋遥感 赤潮防治 

分 类 号：P237[天文地球—摄影测量与遥感]