泾惠渠灌区冬小麦适宜灌溉模式研究  

Research on Irrigation Schedule of Winter Wheat in Jinghuiqu Irrigation District

作　　者：高振晓 蔡焕杰[1] 李世瑶[1] 陈新明[1] 党永仁[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学旱区农业水土工程教育部重点实验室/中国旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西省泾惠渠管理局,陕西三原713800

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2015年第5期18-22,共5页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B01);国家自然科学基金项目(51179162);高等学校学科创新引智计划项目(B12007)

摘　　要：采用大田试验,分别在冬小麦越冬期、返青期及灌浆期进行灌水处理,以确定一般水平年型下冬小麦的适宜灌水模式。结果表明,地上部分及根系干物质量和株高均随全生育期灌水量的增加而增大,越冬期和返青期灌水有利于冬小麦根冠生长。全生育期灌水下产量比全生育期不灌水和返青期灌水分别增加了24.72%和13.55%,全生育期不灌水处理下千粒质量最小,"返青期+灌浆期"灌水条件下产量和千粒质量大于"越冬期+返青期"灌水与"越冬期+灌浆期"灌水。株高与根系干物质量对产量均显著正相关,可作为评价冬小麦产量的主要因素。"返青期+灌浆期"灌水处理下,水分利用效率最高,产量也相对较高,实现了高产与高效的统一,为泾惠渠灌区适宜的灌水模式。The field trials were conducted with irrigating in wintering stage, returning green stage and filling stage, in order to determine the appropriate irrigation schedule. The results indicated that the weights of roots-shoot dry matter and plant height increased with the increase of irrigation amount. The treatment of irrigating at wintering stage and returning green stage was conductive to the growth of root-shoot dry weight and plant height. The yield in the treatment of irrigating at whole growth stage increased by 24.72% and 13.55% compared to those in the treatments of no irrigation and irrigating at returning green stage respectively. The 1000-grain weight was the lowest in the treatment of no irrigation at whole growth stage. The 1000-grain weight and yield in the treatment of irrigating at returning green stage and filling stage was greater than those in the treatments of M3 and MS. The weight of root dry matter and plant height had a significant positive correlation with yield, and the weight of root dry and plant height could be the main factors to evaluate yield of winter wheat. The water use efficiency was the highest and the yield was higher in the treatment of irrigating at returning green stage and filling stage. The treatment of irrigating at returning green stage and filling stage was recommended in Jinghuiqu Irrigation District.

关 键 词：冬小麦 灌水 产量 通径分析 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]