夏闲期栽培模式对土壤水分及冬小麦水分利用效率的影响  

Effects of Cultivation Modes in Summer Fallow Period on Soil Moisture and Water Use Efficiency of Winter Wheat

作　　者：王磊[1] 樊廷录[2] 王勇[1] 李尚中[1] 赵刚[1] 张建军[1] 党翼[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省农业科学院旱地农业研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省农业科学院科研管理处,兰州730070

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2015年第5期55-58,共4页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD09B03;2012BAD20B04-4);农业部西北作物抗旱栽培与耕作重点开放实验室基金项目;农业部西北旱作营养与施肥科学观测试验站基金项目

摘　　要：通过田间试验,研究了夏闲期不同栽培模式对冬小麦产量及其产量要素和土壤水分的影响。结果表明,夏闲期油菜覆盖绿肥翻压处理(T1)下,蓄水保墒、提高产量及水分利用效率优势明显,2007—2008、2008—2009、2009—2010年2m深土体蓄水量较不覆盖无绿肥处理(T0)分别增加了0.22%、5.29%、4.68%,产量分别提高了1.92%、1.25%、5.78%,水分利用效率分别提高了7.92%、6.45%、3.49%。初始年份,高留茬无绿肥处理(T2)与高留茬油菜覆盖绿肥翻压处理(T3)不具有蓄水优势,但经多年耕作后,能够提高土壤蓄水量。Field experiments were conducted to study the effects of different cultivation patterns in summer fallow period on soil moisture content, winter wheat yield and its components. The results showed that in summer fallow period, soil water storage capacity in 0-2 m soil layer increased by 0. 22%, 5. 29%, 4.68%, winter wheat yield increased by 1.92%, 1.25%, 5.78%, and water use efficiency increased by 7.92%, 6.45%, 3.49% respectively in 2007-2008, 2008-2009, 2009-2010 under the covering rapeseed green manure treatment （T1） compared to the control （T0）. Initially, there were no advantages of water storage capacity in the treatments of high stubble without rapeseed green manure （T2） and high-pressure treatment with green manure covering （T3）, but soil water storage capacities in the treatments of T2 and T3 were improved after several years of farming.

关 键 词：夏闲期 栽培模式 蓄水量 蓄水率 水分利用效率 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学] S152.7