光照、温度和氮磷限制对6种典型鱼毒性藻类生长及产毒的影响  

Effects of temperature,light intensity and nutrient condition on the growth and hemolytic activity of six species of typical ichthyotoxic algae

作　　者：曹洁茹[1,2] 桓清柳[1,2] 吴霓 江天久[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学赤潮与海洋生物学研究中心 [2]广东省高校水体富营养化与赤潮防治重点实验室,广东广州510632

出　　处：《海洋环境科学》2015年第3期321-329,共9页Marine Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41276091);国家海洋公益专项(201305003-2);国家973项目(2010CB428702)

摘　　要：为了探究温度、光照、和营养盐对鱼毒性藻类产毒的影响，本文分析了6种我国沿海典型具溶血活性的鱼毒性藻类在不同温度（15℃，25℃，30℃）、光照强度（20i．Lmol／m2／s，60μmol／m2／s，100μmol／m2／s）、氮磷限制（1：1；1：16；1：128）条件下的生长和溶血活性的变化。结果表明，鱼毒性藻类的溶血活性在不同生长期差异明显。海洋卡盾藻（香港株）（Chattonellamarina）、卵圆卡盾藻（C．ovata）、米氏凯伦藻（Kareni0mikimotoi）、赤潮异弯藻（Heteros培m0akashiwo）在对数期溶血活性较高，衰亡期溶血活性较低，而球形棕囊藻（Phaeocystisglobosa）与小定鞭藻（Prymnesiumparvum）在稳定期溶血活性最高，对数期溶血活性最低。藻类的培养环境和营养条件对鱼毒性藻类溶血毒素的合成有明显的影响，在光照强度、温度和氮磷限制条件下，藻类单个细胞的溶血活性会发生明显变化，6种藻类的溶血活性均随光照强度的升高而增强，在培养温度15—30℃范围内，除球形棕囊藻外，其他5种藻类的单个藻细胞溶血活性随温度的上升而增加蓣谥限制可但拼溶血毒素的合成。Abstract ： Effects of temperature （ 15,25 and 30℃） ,light intensity （ 20,60 and 100 t.μmol/m2/s）, nitrogen and phosphorus ratio （ 1 ： 1 ; 1 ： 16 ; 1 ： 128 ） on hemolytic toxin production of six species of ichthyotoxic algae were studied under laboratory conditions. The results showed that the hemolytic activities of the ichthyotoxic algae in differ- ent growth phases were significantly different （ p 〈0. 05 ）. Chattonella marina, C. ovata, Karenia rniklmotoi and Het- erosigma akakshiwo exhibited a higher hemolytic activity in exponential phase and a lower hemolytic activity in decline phase. However, Phaeocystis globosa and Prymnesium parvum reached the highest hemolytic activity in stationary phase, and the lowest hemolytic activity of the two algae was detected in exponential phase. The physical environmental factors and nutrition conditions of algae culture also had great effects on the hemolytic activity. The hemolytic activity of single algal cell changed obviously under different conditions of light intensity, temperature, nitrogen and phosphoruslimitation. The hemolytic activities of the six algae were positively correlated with light intensities. Except for P. globo- sa, the hemolytic activities of the other five ichthyotoxic algae showed an increasing trend in temperature range of 15 30℃. Nitrogen and phosphorus limitation promoted the product of hemolytic toxins.

关 键 词：鱼毒性藻类 溶血毒素 环境因子 氮磷限制 

分 类 号：Q178.53[生物学—水生生物学]