阿尔金山喀腊大湾地区控矿构造系统研究  

A study of the structural system of ore-forming and ore-controlling in Kaladawan ore clustering area,Altun Tagh Mountains,NW China

作　　者：陈柏林[1] 王永[1] 陈正乐[1] 李松彬[1] 蒋荣宝[1] 韩凤彬[1] 崔玲玲[1] 李丽[1] 赵树铭 祁万修 杨屹 王世新 周永贵[1] 郝瑞祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,北京100081 [2]新疆地质调查院第一地质调查所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《地学前缘》2015年第4期67-77,共11页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金："十一五";"十二五"国家科技支撑计划重点项目(2006BAB07B02-04;2011BAB06B08-04);地质矿产调查专项(1212011085043)

摘　　要：喀腊大湾地区地处新疆若羌县境内,在区域上位于北东向阿尔金走滑断裂北侧与东西向阿尔金北缘断裂所夹持的区域,属于红柳沟—拉配泉一级成矿带的中东段部分。研究表明,喀腊大湾地区构造控矿作用明显。首先,大地构造背景控制一级矿带的分布和位置,阿尔金断裂400km左右走滑位移量将北祁连山西段成矿带左行断错至目前位置,构成了区域上红柳沟—拉配泉一级成矿带。第二,区域构造环境控制二级矿带、矿床类型和矿种类型,喀腊大湾矿集区南带南侧岛弧构造环境控制与中酸性火山岩有关的块状硫化物矿床（类VMS型）,南带北侧弧盆过渡带构造环境控制与中基性火山岩有关的铁矿床,中带盆地构造环境控制与沉积岩有关的硅铁建造型铁矿床,北带南侧蛇绿混杂岩带控制与洋壳残留（基性超基性岩）有关的铜镍矿床,北带北部碰撞变形带控制与强烈韧性韧脆性变形有关的金矿床和与岩浆侵入作用有关的热液银铅矿床。第三,构造演化不同阶段具有不同的控矿作用,主要成矿作用发生在早古生代,其中：（1）新元古代晚期—早古生代早期,红柳沟—拉配泉弧后盆地（裂谷）拉张扩张时期,主要形成与中基性火山沉积作用有关的铁矿床;（2）早古生代中期为红柳沟—拉配泉弧后盆地（裂谷）俯冲碰撞作用和最后挤压闭合,形成与中酸性岛弧火山岩有关的矿床（类VMS型）（如喀腊达坂铅锌矿和喀腊大湾铜锌矿）、与大规模韧性韧脆性变形带有关的金矿床（如大平沟金矿）和与岩浆侵入活动有关的矿床（中酸性火山岩477-488 Ma,中酸性侵入岩417-514 Ma）。第四,典型构造控矿形式有火山沉积构造控矿（铁矿、铅锌矿）、韧脆性剪切带控矿（金矿）、断裂裂隙控矿（银铅矿、铜银矿）、岩体及岩体构造控矿（铜镍矿）4种类型。Kaladawan area is situated in Ruoqiang county of Xinjiang, 620 km to south-east-south of Urumqi. As a centre-eastern part of first-order Hongliugou-Lapeiquan metallization belt, it is tectonieally located in the clamping area between NE-trending Altun strike-slip fault and EW-trending northern Altun Mountains margin fault. The authors made a more thorough investigation on the structural control of the ore deposits in the area. The following knowledges have been gained. （1） The geotectonic setting controls the distribution and position of the first-order metallization belt, in other word, the Altun strike-slip fault and its about 400km sinistral sense of displacement cut the western part of the northern Qinlianshan metallization belt to present position which is the first-order Hongliugou- Lapeiquan metallization belt. （2）The regional structural environment controlled not only the distribution and position of the second-order metallization belt （ore field）, but also the ore genetic type and metallic ore species. In the southern part of the Kaladawan area, the regional structural environment of island arc controlled the voleanicassociated massive sulfide deposit that related to the island-arc type of intermediate-acid volcanic rock Northern nearby, the regional structural environment of transition zone between the island arc and back arc basin controlled the iron deposit that related to intermediate-basic volcanic rock In the middle part of the Kaladawan area, the regional structural environment of back arc basin controlled the silica-iron formation deposit that related to sedimentary rock Southern nearby the north part of the Kaladawan area, the regional structural environment of the ophiolite zone controlled the copper-nickel sulfide deposit that related to ultrabasic intrusive rock （the remain of oceanic crust）. In the northern part of the Kaladawan area, the regional structttral environment of collision zone controlled the gold deposit that related to ductile or ductile-brittle shear deformation

关 键 词：控矿构造系统 成矿构造环境 控矿构造形式 喀腊大湾地区 阿尔金山 

分 类 号：P618.510.2[天文地球—矿床学]