2009-2013年蕉城区法定传染病流行特征分析  

Analysis of the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable diseases in Jiaocheng District between 2009 and 2013

作　　者：卓水生 刘和华 郭捷[2] 陈菁 陈芬玉 

机构地区：[1]宁德市蕉城区疾病预防控制中心,福建宁德352100 [2]宁德市疾病预防控制中心,福建宁德352000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第12期2127-2129,2141,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的了解2009-2013年蕉城区法定传染病的流行病学特征,为制定防控策略提供依据。方法用描述性流行病学方法对蕉城区2009-2013年法定传染病疫情数据进行分析。结果蕉城区2009-2013年报告法定传染病25种22 323例,死亡10例,年均发病率为1 037.96/10万,死亡率0.46/10万,病死率0.45‰;以肠道传染病为主,占43.76%,其次为血源及性传播疾病,占37.30%;发病前5位是手足口病、梅毒、乙肝、流行性腮腺炎和其他感染性腹泻,占85.35%;死亡率首位是艾滋病,其次是肺结核和乙肝,疟疾和麻疹居第3位;病死率依次为疟疾、艾滋病和麻疹;城区和城乡接合部发病率较高;发病呈双峰为4-7月和10-12月;发病率男女性别比为1.25∶1,以散居儿童为主,高发人群为0～4岁。结论 2009-2013年蕉城区法定传染病呈上升趋势,手足口病、梅毒和乙肝为主要传染病,应调整相应的防控策略,有效控制传染病流行。Objective The study aimed to assess the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable diseases in Jiaocheng District between 2009 and 2013, and thus to provide a reference for the development of preventive strategies. Methods Data on notifiable diseases reported in Jiaocheng District between 2009 and 2013 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology approaches. Results 25 different notifiable diseases were reported in Jiaocheng District between 2009 and 2013, affecting a total of 22323 patients and causing 10 deaths. The resulting average annual incidence was 1037.96/100 000, the mortality was 0.46/100 000, and the fatality was 0.45‰. The majority of the cases was related to intestinal infectious diseases（43.76%）, followed by blood-borne and sexually transmitted diseases（37.30%）. Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, syphilis, hepatitis B, mumps, and other infectious diarrhea ranked the top five notifiable diseases with the highest incidence（85.35%）. AIDS had the highest mortality, followed by pulmonary tuberculosis, hepatitis B, malaria, and measles; in contrast, malaria had the highest fatality, followed by AIDS and measles. The cases occurred most prevalently in urban and suburban areas, and peaked between April and July and between October and December. The male/female incidence ratio was 1.25：1, and scattered children aged between 0 and 4 were the most vulnerable population to the diseases. Conclusion Incidence of notifiable diseases had been rising in Jiaocheng District between 2009 and2013. Hand-foot-and-mouth disease, syphilis, and hepatitis B were the most common infectious diseases. Control and preventiven strategies should be implemented accordingly to effectively control the epidemics.

关 键 词：传染病 发病率 流行特征 疾病控制 

分 类 号：R181.22[医药卫生—流行病学]