2011-2013年海南省疑似预防接种异常反应监测分析  

Analysis on the surveillance of adverse events following immunization in Hainan province from 2011 to 2013

作　　者：陈碧玉 曾雪霞 黄雅靖 莫少雄 潘婷婷 何剑 孙莲英 

机构地区：[1]海南省预防控制中心,海南海口570203

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2015年第12期2238-2241,共4页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金项目(310176)

摘　　要：目的分析海南省疑似预防接种异常反应(Adverse Events Following Immunization,AEFI)发生特征,评价AEFI信息管理系统运转质量和疫苗安全性,指导预防接种工作。方法通过全国AEFI信息管理系统收集海南省2011-2013年AEFI监测数据,采用描述流行病学方法进行分析。结果海南省2011-2013年共报告AEFI 3 860例,报告发生率为3.14/万剂。AEFI报告市县覆盖率100.00%,48 h及时报告率96.35%,48 h及时调查率99.44%。AEFI分类一般反应占73.91%,异常反应占21.99%,偶合症3.89%,其他反应占0.21%,异常反应主要以过敏性皮疹、卡介苗淋巴结炎和血管性水肿为主。全年均有AEFI报告,5月和11月报告AEFI最多,男女性别比例为1.60∶1,3岁内儿童报告最多。AEFI转归情况:治愈占99.80%,后遗症4例,死亡4例。结论海南省AEFI监测敏感性较高;AEFI主要以一过性反应为主,目前所使用的疫苗是安全的;需加强对基层接种人员接种技术培训。Objective The aim of this study was to analyze the features and occurrence of adverse events following immunization（AEFI） and evaluate the implementation of AEFI surveillance system and the safety of vaccines in Hainan, in order to guide the vaccination work. Methods The AEFI data from 2011 to 2013 were collected through AEFI surveillance system. Descriptive methodology was used in this study. Results Three thousand eight hundred and sixty cases were collected from 2011 to 2013 through AEFI surveillance system. The reported incidence rate of AEFI was 3.14 per ten thousand cases. The coverage rate for counties was 100%. The proportion of cases reported within 48 h was 96.35%. And the proportion of cases investigated within 48 h was 99.44%. Among all vaccine reactions, 73.91% cases were common adverse reactions, 21.99% cases were rare adverse reactions, 3.89% cases were coincidental event, and 0.21% cases were other reactions. The main diagnoses for rare adverse reactions were anaphylactic rash, lymphadenitis of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine and angioedema. Although the AEFI occurred all over the year, most AEFI were reported in May and November. The ratio of male to female was 1.60：1. Most of the patients were under three years old. For all AEFI, 99.80% were cured, four had residual sequelae and four died. Conclusion The sensitivity of AEFI surveillance system in Hainan increased every year. The reported incidence rates of AEFI were within the expected ranges.The vaccines now being used were safe. It would be necessary to strengthen the technical training of inoculation for grass-root staffs.

关 键 词：疑似预防接种异常反应 监测 疫苗 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]