浙江省嘉兴市慢性阻塞性肺疾病的流行病学调查及危险因素分析  

An Epidemiological Survey and Risk Factors Analysis of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Jiaxing City of Zhejiang Province

作　　者：吕晓东[1] 陈文宇[1] 刘加良[1] 杨琪[1] 方志仙[1] 庄延兵[1] 张影清[1] 金号令[1] 孙军浩 

机构地区：[1]浙江嘉兴市第一医院(嘉兴学院附属第一医院)呼吸科,浙江嘉兴314001 [2]浙江平湖市第一人民医院呼吸科,浙江平湖314200

出　　处：《中国循证医学杂志》2015年第6期628-632,共5页Chinese Journal of Evidence-based Medicine

基　　金：嘉兴市科技计划项目(编号:2013AY21042-10);嘉兴市重点学科(呼吸科)建设项目(编号04-Z-11)[嘉市卫发(2014)72号]

摘　　要：目的了解浙江省嘉兴市五县两区慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的患病情况及相关危险因素。方法从2013年1月至2013年12月,在嘉兴市五县两区10个社区中,以≥40岁人群作为调查对象,采用整群抽样和随机抽样相结合的方法对人群进行COPD患病率调查,并行肺功能检查。结果共调查40岁以上成年人1 256人,其中资料完整、肺功能质控合格1 056人,男性410人,平均年龄58.74±11.62岁,女性646人,平均年龄59.45±11.72岁。COPD总患病率为13.60%;男性患病率为13.90%,女性患病率为13.41%;按年龄段划分,40-50岁患病率为3.38%,51-60岁为9.57%,61-70岁为19.15%,70岁以上为29.35%。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,COPD的主要危险因素为吸烟、被动吸烟、粉尘接触、慢性呼吸道疾病史和年龄。结论嘉兴地区COPD患病率较高,特别是女性患病率高于全国平均水平,这是本地区较为突出的流行病学特点。由于COPD存在多方面危险因素,故应重视综合防治。Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） and related risk factors in two districts and five counties in Jiaxing city of Zhejiang province. Methods We randomly selected people over the age of 40 in 10 communities of two districts and five counties in Jiaxing city by cluster sampling and random sampling to investigate the prevalence of COPD from January 2013 to December 2013. All included patients received pulmonary function test at the same time. Results A total of 1 256 cases of adults over the age of 40 were included, among which, 1 056 cases with complete data and qualified for pulmonary function test. There were 410 males with mean age of 58.74±11.62, and 646 females with mean age of 59.45±11.72. The overall prevalence of COPD was 13.60%. Male and female prevalence rates were 13.90% and 13.41%, respectively. Divided by age, the prevalence of the age of 40 to 50 was 3.38%, the age of 51 to 60 was 9.57%, the age of 61 to 70 was 19.15%, and the age of above 70 was 29.35%. The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the main risk factors of COPD were smoking, passive smoking, history of dust exposure, chronic respiratory disease history and age. Conclusion The total prevalence of COPD in Jiaxing area is high, and the female prevalence rate is especially higher than the national average level, which is the epidemiological characteristic of this area. Because the risk factors of COPD are complex, an integrated control strategy should be adopted.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 患病率 危险因素 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R181.3[医药卫生—内科学]