巴西桑托斯盆地油气成藏模式及勘探方向  

Hydrocarbon Accumulation Mode and Exploration Direction of Santos Basin in Brazil

作　　者：张金伟[1] 胡俊峰[1] 杜笑梅 王兴元 王磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中石化国际石油勘探开发有限公司,北京100083 [2]北京温菲尔德石油技术开发有限公司,北京100083

出　　处：《长江大学学报（自科版）（中旬）》2015年第6期8-13,3,共6页Journal of Yangtze University(Nature Science Edition)

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2008ZX05028)

摘　　要：桑托斯盆地是南美地区典型的被动陆缘含盐盆地,是当今世界勘探热点地区之一。盆地主要经历了裂谷期、过渡期和裂后漂移期3个演化阶段,形成了裂谷期陆相、过渡期蒸发岩相和裂后期海相3套沉积层序。盐下巴雷姆阶-下阿普特阶湖相页岩和盐上赛诺曼阶-马斯特里赫特阶深海相页岩为盆地主力烃源岩,储层主要包括盐下裂谷期的湖相碳酸盐岩与盐上浊积砂岩,过渡期发育的阿普特阶蒸发岩为区域盖层,盐上层系的页岩、泥岩为局部盖层。从分析油气富集规律和成藏控制因素入手,总结了"盐下生盐下储"、"盐下生盐上储"、"盐上生盐上储"3种成藏组合,建立了盐下和盐上2种成藏模式,指出了盆地东部厚层盐岩区盐下古隆起带碳酸盐岩和盆地中西部盐岩过渡区浊积岩为主要勘探方向和目标。Santos Basin was a typical passive continental marginal salt-bearing basin in South America,it was currently one of the hot spot areas for oil exploration in the world.The basin experienced three evolutionary phases such as rifting,transitional and post-rifting phases,three sets of sedimentary sequences including rifting continental facies,transitional evaporation rock facies and post-rifting marine facies corresponding the three evolutionary phases were created respectively.Presalt lacustrine shale and post-salt deep marine shale,which belonged to Barremian-lower Apitan and Cenomanian-upper Maastrichtian respectively,were the main source rocks.Pre-salt lacustrine carbonate of rifting phase and post-salt turbidite sandstone were the main reservoirs.Evaporation of Apitan was a regional caprock.Shale and mudstone of post-salt strata were the local caprocks.From the aspects of analyzing the hydrocarbon accumulation law and key factors of hydrocarbon accumulation,three reservoir-forming combinations such as'pre-salt source with pre-salt accumulatin','pre-salt souce with post-salt accumulatin','post-salt source with post-salt accumulatin'are summarized.Two kinds of accumulation modes such as pre-salt and post-salt accumulations are established.It is pointed out that pre-salt carbonate and post-salt turbidites,which are respectively located in palaeohigh band of thick salt area in the south of the basin and salt transitional area in the mid-west of the basin,are main targets and direction of exploration.

关 键 词：成藏模式 勘探方向 含盐盆地 桑托斯盆地 巴西 

分 类 号：TE121.1[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]