营养盐输入对太湖水体中磷形态转化及藻类生长的影响  

Effects of Nutrient Inputs on Changes of Phosphorus Forms and Phytoplankton Growth in Taihu Lake

作　　者：王睿喆[1,2] 王沛芳[1,2] 任凌霄[1,2] 王超[1,2] 王颖雪[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,南京210098 [2]河海大学浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,南京210098

出　　处：《环境科学》2015年第4期1301-1308,共8页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)项目(2010CB429006);中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2014B03814)

摘　　要：外源营养盐输入会对湖泊水体中磷的形态转化及藻类生长产生影响.为研究其影响规律,于春季选取太湖梅梁湾水体为研究对象,以KNO3和K2HPO4添加系列氮磷负荷,在试验过程中对各形态磷的浓度、藻类生物量(Chl-a)和碱性磷酸酶活性(APA)进行同步分析测定.结果表明,春季太湖梅梁湾水体中浮游植物的生长主要受到磷限制,加氮对其生长没有明显的促进作用.加磷至SRP=0.015 mg·L-1的水体中浮游植物生长情况最好,叶绿素a的含量和生长速率(μ)最大.添加硝酸盐能显著促进APA的增长,提高水生生物对磷的吸收利用能力,加快磷循环的速率;磷酸盐对APA则具有活性诱导-抑制机制,当水体中磷酸盐浓度在一定范围内(PO3-4-P≤0.025 mg·L-1)时,酶活性有显著提高.对水体中磷的循环转化过程和碱性磷酸酶的活性诱导-抑制机制的研究结果有助于揭示藻类生长过程中营养盐的补偿途径,为深入揭示藻类暴发机制提供理论基础.In order to determine the effects of nutrient inputs on changes of phosphorus forms and phytoplankton growth in large shallow lakes, an enrichment bioassay was conducted using surface lake water collected from the Meiliang Bay of Taihu Lake in spring. The concentration of different phosphorus forms, phytoplankton biomass （ chlorophyll a） and alkaline phosphatase activity （APA） was analyzed after the addition of different concentrations of inorganic nutrients. The results showed that the phytoplankton biomass increased significantly with the addition of phosphorus （P） , but with no primary effect from nitrogen （N） , which suggested the phytoplankton growth was mainly limited by P. The maximum growth rate and the highest concentration of chlorophyll both occurred in the SRP 0. 015 mg·L^-1 treatment. Nitrate addition could improve the bioavailability of phosphorus, accelerate the phosphorus cycling process and promote the growth of APA. There was an induction-repression mechanism resulting in a negative relationship between APA and orthophosphate concentration. The APA was obviously stimulated under PO^3-4- -P ≤ 0. 025 mg·L^-1. This paper researches the transformation and cycling process of phosphorus in water and the induction-repression mechanism between the APA and orthophosphate concentration. The result can help to reveal the compensation path of nutrients in algae growth process and provide a theoretical basis for the further reveal of the mechanism of algae outbreaks.

关 键 词：碱性磷酸酶 磷形态 氮磷添加 浮游植物 太湖 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]