论英国共产党1956年危机的形成  

On the Making of the British Communist Party's Crisis of 1956

作　　者：初庆东[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学历史学系,南京210093

出　　处：《华东师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第3期87-94,169-170,共8页Journal of East China Normal University（Humanities and Social Sciences）

基　　金：国家留学基金资助

摘　　要：1956年危机是英国共产党自建党以来所面临最严重和最危急的时刻,这一危机的形成与苏共二十大的召开及"秘密报告"的出台、匈牙利革命等事件密切相关。随着英共党内对"秘密报告"了解的增加,以英国共产党历史学家小组为核心的英共知识分子最先要求进行党内改革,但是,英共领导层为了国际共产主义与党内的"团结",压制党内公开自由地讨论苏共二十大揭露出来的问题,这引起了英共知识分子的不满与"造反"。加之苏联进军匈牙利,英共领导层支持苏联的行动,而英共知识分子却要求英共划清与苏联的界限。在英共领导层与知识分子党员的激烈对抗中,有相当数量的党员和一批具有重要影响力的知识分子脱党,英共遭遇自建党以来最严重的危机。The Crisis of 1956 was the most serious and critical situation the Party was in since its foundation. The making of the crisis attributed to the 20 thCongress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union,theSecret Report,and Hungarian Revolution,etc. As the members of the British Communist Party got to know the contents of the Secret Report,the Communist Party's Historians' Group emerged as the nucleus of vocal opposition to the Party. However,in order to keep the cooperation between international communism and the Party,the leadership of the British Communist Party suppressed free and public discussion on the questions raised by the 20 thCongress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. This caused the dissatisfaction and 'rebellion'of the communist intellectuals. What's worse,British Communist Party supported the Soviet Union's army to invade Hungary,while the communist intellectuals required the Party to cut clear line with Soviet Union. With the leave of many members and intellectuals during the fierce competition,the Party suffered from the Crisis of 1956.

关 键 词：英国共产党 1956年危机 苏共二十大 “秘密报告” 匈牙利事件 

分 类 号：D356.1[政治法律—政治学]