大豆田三种捕食性天敌对大豆蚜种群的控制作用  

Control of Soybean Aphid Population by Dominant Natural Enemy Complexes in Field

作　　者：孙文鹏[1,2] 韩岚岚[1] 戴长春[1] 胡志凤[2] 赵奎军[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学农学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江农业职业技术学院,佳木斯154007

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2015年第2期193-201,共9页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-04);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201103002)

摘　　要：为明确田间多种天敌昆虫对大豆蚜的防治效果,2012和2013连续2年于哈尔滨地区,采用田间罩笼研究了3种优势天敌异色瓢虫、龟纹瓢虫和日本通草蛉对大豆蚜的捕食作用。通过4因子二次回归通用旋转组合设计及其方程,分析了不同天敌与大豆蚜之间及天敌之间的相互关系。结果表明,决定田间大豆蚜数量的各因素中,主效应作用由大到小分别为大豆蚜初始量、异色瓢虫量、龟纹瓢虫量和日本通草蛉量;通过模型筛选出3种天敌对蚜虫控制作用的优化组合：2株大豆蚜虫数量在100头时,成虫组合异色瓢虫成虫、龟纹瓢虫成虫和日本通草蛉末龄幼虫分别为6、1和4头,天敌防效84.60%;幼虫组合均为3头,天敌防效98.89%;蚜虫数量大于100头时,成虫组合异色瓢虫成虫、龟纹瓢虫成虫和日本通草蛉末龄幼虫分别为6、4头和0头,天敌防效42.33%~52.17%;幼虫组合3种幼虫均为4头,天敌防效为33.68%~73.17%。结果进一步验证了3种天敌昆虫均有效地抑制蚜虫数量增长,昆虫共存系统中不同物种种内或种间存在干扰作用。In order to explicit the control effect of natural enemies on soybean aphid, the predatory functions of three dominant natural enemies （Harmonia axyridis, Propylaea japonica and Chrysoperla nipponensis） against soybean aphids were investigated in fields in Harbin 2012--2013. Using four factors quadratic regression general rotational combination design and its equation, the relationship between natural enemies and soybean aphids was analyzed. The factors determining soybean aphid population size were ranked as initial soybean aphid number〉H. axyridi number〉P, japonica number〉 C. nipponensis number. The optimized combination of natural enemies for soybean aphid control was： adults ofH. axyridis （6）, P.japonica （1） and C. nipponensis （4） for 100 aphids on two soybean plants, which resulted in 84.60% combined control Of aphids; and combination of three larvae of each of the three predators achieved aphid control of 98.89%. When aphid infestation was increased above 100 on the two soybean plants, combination of 6 H. axyridis and 4 P. japonica adults achieved aphid control of 42.33%-52.17%, and combination of 4 larvae of each of the three predators caused aphid mortality of 33.68%-73.17%. The results indicate that natural enemies are effective for control of soybean aphids.

关 键 词：捕食性天敌 二次回归通用旋转组合设计 大豆蚜 控制作用 

分 类 号：S476.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]