复合菌剂PB12防治黄瓜疫病效果评价以及对土壤酶活性的影响  

Effects of Compound Biocontrol Agent PB12 against Phytophthora Blight of Cucumber and on Soil Enzyme Activities in Rhizosphere

作　　者：葛红莲[1] 张福丽[1] 刘志华[2] 

机构地区：[1]周口师范学院生命科学与农学学院,周口466001 [2]东北林业大学林学院,哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《中国生物防治学报》2015年第2期229-235,共7页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31170601);河南省教育厅科学技术重点资助项目(13B18027)

摘　　要：研究复合菌剂PB12对黄瓜疫病的生防与促生效果及其对根际土壤酶活性的影响,为PB12生防菌剂的研发提供理论依据。用复合菌剂PB12浇灌黄瓜进行温室盆栽和田间试验,测定黄瓜生长指标、黄瓜疫病发病率、抗氧化酶活性以及土壤酶活性,研究PB12对黄瓜疫病的生防与促生效果以及对根际土壤酶活性的影响。温室试验结果表明,复合菌剂对黄瓜疫病防效可达72.7%。浇灌复合菌剂后,可提高过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)的活性,并明显促进黄瓜幼苗的生长,茎粗、株高、鲜重、叶面积分别增加了36.4%、65.3%、80.0%、42.3%,叶绿素含量和根系活力显著提高;复合菌剂PB12能提高土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、纤维素酶和蛋白酶活性,处理第21 d时,分别比对照提高了15.3%、23.7%、23.5%、24.3%。2012年大田试验结果表明,复合菌剂对黄瓜疫病生防效果为68.8%,黄瓜增产38.1%。复合菌剂PB12能有效防治黄瓜疫病,促进黄瓜幼苗生长,改善黄瓜根际土壤酶活性。To provide a theoretical basis for research and development of compound bacteria agent PB12, the biocontrol ability and the growth-promoting effect of PB 12 against Phytophthora blight of cucumber, as well as the impact on soil enzyme activity in the rhizosphere of cucumber, were analyzed. Growth index, incidence of Phytophthora blight cucumber, antioxidant enzyme activities of cucumber and the soil enzyme activity were measured by watering cucumber seedling with PB12 in greenhouse and field trials. The result showed that biocontrol efficiency of PB12 against Phytophthora blight of cucumber reached to 72.7% in greenhouse pot experiments. The activities of peroxidase （POD） and catalase （CAT） increased, and growth of cucumber seedlings was significantly promoted. Stem diameter, plant height, fresh weight and leaf area increased by 36.4%, 65.3%, 80.0% and 42.3%, respectively. The content of chlorophyll and root activity of cucumber seeding was remarkably increased. The activities of protease, invertase, cellulose and urease in rhizospheric soil of cucumber increased by 15.3%, 23.7%, 23.5% and 24.3% respectively, after 21 d of treatment with PB12. In 2012, the biocontrol efficiency of PB12 for Phytophthora blight of cucumber was 68.8%, and cucumber production increased by 38.1% in field experiments. PB 12 can effectively control the cucumber blight, promote cucumber seedlings growth and improve soil enzyme activities in the rhizosphere of cucumber.

关 键 词：PB12复合菌剂 黄瓜疫病 抗氧化酶 促生 土壤酶活性 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]