紧急状态与社会治理——紧急权力理论基础述评  

State of Emergency and Social Management——Basic Review of Emergency Power Theory

作　　者：方旭[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学人文社会科学高等研究院,重庆400044

出　　处：《北京社会科学》2015年第3期122-128,共7页Social Sciences of Beijing

基　　金：国家社科基金(10BZX052)

摘　　要：古代国家存在某种至上的"国家伦理"或者"国家价值",推崇"必要性中无法律"的"正当性"。当外敌入侵或强大的国内阴谋将要推翻现存的政权时,基于国家理由的"正当性"就可以实施紧急权力。在现代,在"古典正当性"被"宪政""民主""人权"等现代概念耗尽的背景下,为实现保存国家这一目的,如何用成文宪法规范紧急权力已经成为看似矛盾但又必须实现的"合法性"问题。本文通过对历史上紧急权力理论的梳理,着眼反恐时代的美国问题,试图寻找紧急状态下行使紧急权力的思想路径。Certain supreme ＂state ethics＂ ＂Legitimacy＂ of ＂no law in the necessity＂ or ＂national value＂ exist in ancient state, praising highly the When the foreign invasion happened or powerful domestic conspiracy started to overthrow the current regime, the ＂Legitimacy＂ based on State Reason could perform the emergency powers. In modem times, under the background where the ＂classic Legitimacy＂ is consumed by modem concepts like ＂constitutionalism＂, ＂ democracy＂, ＂ human rights＂, in order to realize the aim to retain the country, it is a ＂Legality＂ issue. This paper tries to make explorations on the ideal approach to be performed under emergency conditions, through combining the historical emergency power theories, focusing on the American problems during the anti-terrorist period.

关 键 词：紧急状态 紧急权力 古罗马独裁官 政治哲人 反恐时代 

分 类 号：D901[政治法律—法学理论]