政策冲突中地方政府的选择策略及其效应  

The Selection Strategies and Effect of Local Government in the Face of Policy Conflicts

作　　者：任鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北大学马克思主义学院,沈阳110169

出　　处：《公共管理学报》2015年第1期34-45,154-155,共12页Journal of Public Management

基　　金：辽宁省社会科学基金资助项目(L12BZZ010)

摘　　要：研究政策冲突中的政府行为选择,不仅为规避冲突、实现政策协调提供了借鉴与参考,更为我们验证政府行为机理的理论预设提供了恰当的观察"视窗"。通过对不同位阶政策冲突、同阶政策冲突以及同一政策内部冲突中地方政府选择策略的实证分析,进一步验证和完善了现有的政府行为逻辑解释框架。主要观点是,相较于"特色财政联邦主义"和"分权化威权主义","回应型策略主义"在地方政府政策行为的自主性和回应性之间找到了平衡,更为准确地概括了地方政府因时、随势而不断调整政策选择策略的行为逻辑,提供了获得地方政府选择逻辑"全景式"解释的可能。这种选择逻辑带来的负效应在于政策排挤和政策异化,片面追求上级确定的优先战略目标,呈现出中心任务压倒一切、结果至上的排挤和异化倾向。研究的局限在于它只分析了不同位阶对政策冲突的影响,缺乏对不同政策类型、政策领域这些变量的考虑,还存在案例分析所固有的"以偏概全"的危险。Researching on governments' behavior choice in policy conflicts,it not only provides reference for avoiding conflicts and realizing policy coordination,but also offers proper 'observation windows' to verify theory on mechanism of government behavior. To analyze empirically governments' behavior choice on policy conflicts on different ranks,policy conflicts on same rank and conflicts within policy,the author further verifies and perfects the existing logic frameworks on government behavior. The analysis finds that 'response type as tactical doctrine' makes balance between autonomy and responsiveness on policy behavior of local government,compared to 'fiscal federalism' and 'decentralization authoritarianism',and more accurately summarized the behavior logic on policy selection strategy of local government constantly adjusting according to the time and situation. That provides possibility to get 'panoramic' explanation for choose logic of local governments. The key limitation of the study is that it focuses solely on the influence of different ranks on policy conflicts,and it is lack of consideration on these variables,such as types of policy,policy areas and so on. The proposed theoretical framework can assist in better understanding governments' behavior and the negative effects of policy choice. The negative effects from the selection logic are policy exclusion and policy alienation,and to pursue one-sided the priority strategic objectives which are decided by higher level. In that case,they show excluding and alienation tendency to be central task overwhelming and the results being first. To set policy conflicts as this unique selection scenario,the research contributes to furthering the studies on relationship between central and local government,behavior of local government,and policy conflict. It summarizes more explanatory framework, 'response type as tactical doctrine',to generalize the behavior logic of local government.

关 键 词：政策冲突 地方政府 财政联邦主义 分权化威权主义 回应型策略主义 

分 类 号：D035[政治法律—政治学]