财政分权、环境规制与地方政府FDI竞争  

Fiscal Decentralization,Environmental Regulation and FDI Competition among Local Governments

作　　者：邓慧慧[1] 桑百川[1] 

机构地区：[1]对外经济贸易大学国际经济研究院,北京100029

出　　处：《上海财经大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2015年第3期79-88,共10页Journal of Shanghai University of Finance and Economics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目"地方政府策略性博弈行为背景下的税收竞争与经济集聚"(71303048);北京市哲学社科规划项目"北京城市功能疏解与空间布局研究"(13JGC080);对外经济贸易大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金"中国企业应对贸易壁垒的策略体系研究"(2013YQ07);对外经济贸易大学学科建设专项经费"地方政府税收竞争与FDI空间配置效率"(XK2014120);对外经贸大学"211工程"建设项目资助

摘　　要：在中国式财政分权下,政治晋升和经济增长双重激励刺激了地方政府的"招商引资"竞争活动。文章以财政分权为出发点,将地方政府作为经济主体整合到区域经济格局中,对中国市际间的外商直接投资(FDI)与环境规制的关系进行了实证分析。研究显示,环境规制强度与FDI区位选择之间存在正的相关性,环境成本并不是FDI的主要区位决定因素;政府竞争下的经济分权对FDI的流入具有非常强的解释力;分权体制下的地方政府为吸引FDI而导致的策略性博弈显著存在。这说明放松环境规制是地方政府竞争FDI所依赖的一项重要政策手段,地方政府间的这种"竞次"行为与国内地方分权的体制联系在一起,争夺资本的激烈程度与对资源配置的扭曲作用更加明显。因此,政府应加强顶层设计,整体推进,发挥政府分权式改革的积极作用,调整与地方政府目标函数有关的制度安排,有效监督地方政府的竞争行为,从制度层面建立地区间规范有序的竞争模式,协调环境与经济发展之间的关系。In the background of fiscal decentralization in China, dual incentives, namely politi- cal promotion and economic growth, stimulate investment and capital attraction competition a- mong local governments. Focusing on fiscal decentralization, this paper integrates local govern- ments as economic subjects into regional economic pattern, and empirically analyzes the relation- ship between interurban FDI and environmental regulation. It comes to the following results： firstly, the strength of environmental regulation is positively related with FDI location choices and environmental costs are not the main determinant of FDI location choices; secondly, econom- ic decentralization under government competition provides a very strong explanation of FDI in- flow; strategic game theory by local governments aiming at FDI attraction under decentralization system significantly exists. It shows that the release of environmental regulation is an important policy means for FDI competition among local governments; the competition behavior among local governments is related to domestic local decentralization system, leading to more obvious compe- tition for capital and distortion role in resources distribution. Therefore, governments should strengthen top-level design, make an overall advancement, play the active role of government- decentralization-based reform, adjust institutional arrangement related with objective function of local governments, effectively supervise competition among local governments, construct interre- gional normative and orderly competition pattern at institutional level and coordinate the relation- ship between environment and economic development.

关 键 词：外商直接投资 环境规制 财政分权 空间德宾模型 

分 类 号：D630[政治法律—政治学] X322[政治法律—中外政治制度]