Cd-Pb复合污染土壤钝化修复效率与生物标记物识别  

Effectiveness of Immobilization Remediation of Cd and Pb Combined Contaminated Soil and Biomarker Identification

作　　者：孙约兵[1,2] 王永昕[2,3] 李烨[2] 徐应明[1,2] 梁学峰[1,2] 王林[1,2] 王朋超[2] 

机构地区：[1]农业部环境保护科研监测所,农业部产地环境质量重点实验室,天津300191 [2]农业部环境保护科研监测所,中国农业科学院农田重金属污染修复创新团队,天津300191 [3]沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,辽宁沈阳110866

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2015年第6期951-958,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201203045);国家自然科学基金项目(21177068);国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201410061126)

摘　　要：为验证重金属钝化修复效率与植物生理生化特征的关系,采用盆栽试验研究了在Cd-Pb复合污染土壤中添加海泡石后,水稻幼苗叶片和根系中SOD（超氧化物歧化酶）活性、POD（过氧化物酶）活性、w（SP）（SP为可溶性蛋白）、CMDA（丙二醛含量）、叶片光合色素含量以及稻草和糙米中w（Cd）、w（Pb）的变化情况.结果表明：添加海泡石后,水稻幼苗叶片和根系SOD活性、根系POD活性均随海泡石添加量的增加呈先增后降趋势,叶片POD活性随海泡石添加量的增加而增大,其中,当海泡石添加量为1.0%时,其最大增幅达33.6%;与之相反,叶片CMDA、叶片和根系w（SP）均随海泡石添加量的增加而降低,分别比对照处理降低8.0%-30.0%、6.3%-22.3%和17.7%-25.5%.不同添加量海泡石处理下,稻草和糙米中w（Pb）分别降低20.5%-43.6%和18.7%-43.5%,w（Cd）分别降低8.3%-23.9%和21.2%-55.2%.幼苗w（Chl）（Chl为叶绿素）、w（SP）与糙米w（Cd）之间,以及叶片CMDA与糙米w（Cd）、w（Pb）间均呈显著正相关（P〈0.05）,而叶片POD活性与糙米w（Cd）之间呈极显著负相关（P〈0.01）,水稻幼苗叶片w（Chl）、w（SP）、CMDA和POD活性可以作为评估海泡石钝化修复Cd-Pb复合污染钝化修复效率的分子生物标记物.In order to verify the relationship between heavy metal immobilization efficiency and plant physiological and biochemical characteristics, a pot experiment was conducted to investigate the application of sepiolite on the activities of superoxide dismutases （SOD） and peroxidases （POD）, the content of soluble （SP）, malondialdehyde （MDA） and photosynthetic pigment in the seedling of rice （ Oryza sativa） , and the concentration of Cd and Pb in straw and brown rice under Cd-Pb combined contaminated soil. The results showed that the activities of SOD in the leaves and roots, and POD in roots, increased with the increasing of sepiolite content in soil, and then decreased slightly. POD activity in the leaves tended to increase with the increment of sepiolite concentration, with a maximum of 33.6% at the application of 1.0% sepiolite. In contrast, the content of MDA in the leaves and SP in the roots and leaves were inhibited after applying sepiolite to soil, resulting in 8.0%- 30. 0% , 6. 3% -22. 3% and 17.7% -25.5% reduction, respectively, in contrast to CK. Compared with the control, the concentration of Pb in straw and brown rice under the treatments of sepiolite decreased by 20. 5% -43.6% and 18.7% -43.5% , respectively, and Cd contents in straw and brown rice at the addition of sepiolite were reduced by 8.3% -23.9% and 21.2% -55.2% , respectively. The amount of chlorophyll and SP was significantly positively correlated with Cd contents in brown rice （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The variation trend was similar between MDA content in leaves and Cd concentration in brown rice. However, significant negative correlation was observed between the activity of POD in leaves and Cd concentration in brown rice （P 〈 0.01 ）. Therefore, these biochemical characteristics of rice could be used as a molecular biomarker to evaluate the effectiveness of immobilization remediation of Cd and Pb combined contaminated soil using sepiolite.

关 键 词：钝化修复 生理生化特性 海泡石 水稻 分子生物标记物 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]