硬炭作为钠离子电池炭负极材料的研究  

Hard carbon as carbon anode material for sodium-ion battery

作　　者：宋怡楠 马志广[1] 王静[2] 时志强[2] 

机构地区：[1]河北大学化学与环境科学学院,河北保定071002 [2]天津工业大学材料科学与工程学院天津市改性与功能纤维重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《电源技术》2015年第6期1158-1161,共4页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展"863"计划项目(2013AA050905);自然科学基金项目(51172160);天津市科技计划项目(14RCHZGX00859;14JCTPJC00484)

摘　　要：报道了以商品化硬炭作为钠离子电池负极材料的研究。采用X射线衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及氮气吸脱附测试(BET)对其结构进行表征;利用恒电流充放电、循环伏安和阻抗谱技术对电化学性能进行了测试。结果表明:硬炭呈现无序乱层多孔结构,比表面积为2.2 m2/g,层间距远大于石墨负极材料(0.38 nm)。该硬炭材料对钠离子电池表现出较好的嵌入/脱嵌钠的容量、倍率性能和良好的循环性能。在20 m A/g电流密度下的首次嵌钠比容量为361.7 m Ah/g,脱钠比容量为259.8 m Ah/g,首次效率为72%;在40 m A/g电流密度下循环100次的比容量保持在250m Ah/g,容量保持率99%,是一种具有应用潜力的储钠负极材料。A kind of commercial hard carbon as anode for sodium-ion battery was reported. The morphology and structure of hard carbon were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscope （SEM）, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller（BET） measurements; the electrochemical performance was tested by constant charge- discharge, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The results show that hard carbon with turbostratic disordered porosity structure has a specific surface area of 2.2 m2/g and the layer distance （0.38 nm） is much larger than that of graphite anode material （0.335 nm）. The hard carbon has a better capacity of sodium-ion insertion and extraction, rate and cycle performance for sodium-ion battery. In the first sodium-ion insertion and extraction process, the specfic capacity is 361.7 and 259.8 mAh/g, respectively, delivering the efficiency of 72% at the current density of 20 mA/g. The specific capacity is 250 mAh/g and the capacity retention is up to 99% for 100 cycles at 40 mA/g. It is a promising anode material for the storage of sodium-ion.

关 键 词：硬炭 负极 钠离子电池 电化学性能 

分 类 号：TM912.9[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]